CONTROL OF HUMAN FILARIAL VECTOR, CULEX QUINQUEFASCIATUS (DIPTERA: CULICIDAE) THROUGH COMBINATION OF THE ENTOMOPATHOGENIC FUNGUS, METARHIZIUM ANISOPLIAE AND NANOPARTICLES OF ZINC OXIDE AND ALUMINUM OXIDE | ||
| Journal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology | ||
| Article 1, Volume 50, Issue 2, August 2020, Pages 221-227 PDF (1.2 M) | ||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/jesp.2020.112999 | ||
| Authors | ||
| SALWA S. RASHED1; GARY W. BEALL2; EMAN M. RASHAD1; WAGEHA A. MOSTAFA2 | ||
| 1Entomology Section, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Egypt | ||
| 2Materials Science, Engineering & Commercialization, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas State University 601 University Drive, San Marcos, TX 78666, USA | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae) is a vector of many pathogens and parasites of humans, as well as domestic and wild animals. Its eradication or control is regarded as one of the important alternative available in preventing and controlling such diseases. Thus, there is an urgent need to check the proliferation of the population of vector mosquitoes in order to reduce vector-borne diseases by appropriate control methods. This study investigated the effect of the entomopathogenic fungus, Metarhizium anisopliae against Cx. quinquefasciatus larvae, as well as its effect when combined with zinc oxide (ZnO) and aluminum oxide (Al2O3) nanoparticles (NPs). Larvae were exposed to different concentrations of fungus, M. anisopliae (1.42×105, 1.42×106, 1.42×107, 1.42×108 spore/ml). Mortality rates of fourth instars ranged from 100% for the highest spore concentration to 80% for lowest spore concentration tested. Larvae exposed to different concentrations of ZnO & Al2O3 (5, 10, & 30mg/ l) combined individually with low concentration of fungus, M. anisopliae, showed significantly high rates of mortality reaching 100% and 96.25% for ZnO & Al2O3, respectively after 4 days of treatment. SEM micrographs confirmed the attachment and penetration of the fungus M. anisopliae into the larval cuticle in different body parts. The combination of NPs and fungus had a synergistic effect on larvae mortality. This study showed that addition of the synthesized nano-metal oxides to M. anisopliae have greater efficacy on control of Cx. quinquefasciatus larvae. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Culex quinquefasciatus; Entomopathogenic fungi; Metarhizium anisopliae; Nanoparticle metal oxides; combination effect | ||
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