A MINI-OVERVIEW OF VITAMIN E | ||
| Journal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology | ||
| Article 5, Volume 50, Issue 2, August 2020, Pages 247-257 PDF (741.59 K) | ||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/jesp.2020.113040 | ||
| Authors | ||
| TOSSON A. MORSY1; ABDULLAH D. ALANAZI2 | ||
| 1Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt | ||
| 2Department of Biological Science and Humanities, Shaqa University, P.O. Box 1040, Ad-Dawadimi 11911, Saudi Arabia | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Vitamin E (tocopherol) is a fat-soluble vitamin with antioxidant properties; it protects cell membranes from oxidation and destruction, found in a variety of foods including oils, meat, eggs, and leafy vegetables. Their serums levels are strongly influenced by concentration of serum lipids, and do not accurately reflect tissue vitamin levels. Effective vitamin E levels are calculated as the ratio of serum alpha-tocopherol per gram total lipids. Absorption of dietary vitamin E requires effective pancreatic exocrine function and fat absorption, unless provided in a synthetic water-soluble form. Also, a specific protein (alphatocopherol transfer protein) is required for effective transport and use. Signs and symptoms of vitamin E deficiency include hemolysis, neuromuscular disorders, ataxia, and peripheral neuropathy. Because of an abundance of tocopherols in the human diet, its deficiency is rare except in individuals with pancreatic insufficiency or other conditions causing substantial fat malabsorption, or protein-energy malnutrition and may be caused by rare genetic defects affecting vitamin E metabolism or transport. No syndrome of acute vitamin E toxicity has been described. In premature infants, high-dose vitamin E treatment was associated with increased risk for sepsis. Chronic intake of supplements in excess of 400 IU daily has been associated with increased risk of hemorrhage and all-cause mortality. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Vitamin E; Action; Requirements; Deficiency; Toxicity; Therapeutic role | ||
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