INSECTICIDAL ACTIVITY OF SELECTED CHEMICALS AND BIOPESTICIDES AGAINST COWPEA AND KHAPRA BEETLES, AND THEIR SUB-LETHAL TOXICITY ON THE JAPANESE QUAIL | ||
| Menoufia Journal of Plant Protection | ||
| Article 3, Volume 4, Issue 5, September and October 2019, Pages 189-209 PDF (2.23 M) | ||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/mjapam.2019.123026 | ||
| Authors | ||
| H.M. Elzun1; Sh.E. El- Hamady2; A.A. Gazzy3; A. A. Salem1 | ||
| 1Dept. of Stored Product Pests, Plant Protection Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Giza | ||
| 2Dept. of Pesticides, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafr Elshiekh University | ||
| 3Dept. of Zology, Faculty of Science , Kafr Elshiekh University | ||
| Abstract | ||
| The widespread use of synthetic insecticides have been caused a serious hazards to human and the environment. So, the present study aimed to evaluate newer approaches that achieve efficient insecticidal activity for controlling cowpea and khapra beetles, meanwhile leading to no detrimental effects. In this respect, the following tools were investigated: Acutely toxic chemicals, mostly of natural origin, i.e. Vertemic, Ivomic, Agrothrin and Neemix. Some toxicological and environmental aspects of some tested chemicals were also evaluated. The results showed considerable and remarkable insecticidal activity, in particular, ivomic against the tested insects (i.e. cowpea beetle, Callosobruchus maculatus F., and khapra beetle, Trogoderma granarium E.) under storage conditions (Viz. lacking of direct light and other weathering factors). Pyrethrins might be photostable, hence they revealed long residual toxicity when applied on grains. Moreover, the results showed that ivomic and agrothrin were highly effective. Also, neemix showed considerable feeding deterrent effects against larvae of khapra beetle, T. granarium at concentrations 125 mg/kg grains. Howerver, neemix or ivomic showed harmful effects on the liver function of Japanese quail birds treated with repeated daily doses each of 1/100 or 1/500 LD50 for 21 consecutive days, where levels of alanine amino transferase, alkaline phosphatase and total bilirubin were significantly altered in the serum of treated birds.Furthermore,the number of egg laid by treated birds showed significant reduction by 75% , 65%, and 60% , 35%, forneemix andivomic at 1/100 and 1/500 LD50, respectively. These effects were ascertained by the histopathological examinations. Also the present study used Actellic and Malathion as standard referance agents against stored product insects. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Stored product insects; Ivormic; Agrothrins; Neemixs; Japanese quail; liver function; histopathological examinations | ||
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