Histological studies on somatic embryogenesis in rice (Oryza sativ L.) | ||
| African Journal of Biological Sciences | ||
| Article 7, Volume 17, Issue 1, 2021, Pages 73-81 PDF (400.54 K) | ||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/ajbs.2021.153144 | ||
| Authors | ||
| hassan abdallah mesbah* 1; Abd El-Salam M. Nassar2; Medhat A. El-Sheikh2 | ||
| 1Botanty. Dept. (Genetics) Fac.of Agric., El-azhar Univ., Cairo, Egypt | ||
| 2Botanty Dept. (Genetics), Fac.of Agric., El-azhar Univ., Cairo, Egypt | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Rice (Oryza sativa) embryogenic calli were obtained from mature zygotic embryos culture using two varieties of rice, Sakha 101 and Sakha104 on Murashige and Skoog (1962 ) medium supplemented with 1mg/l, 2mg/l and 3mg/l 2,4- dichlorophenoxy acetic acid. The results indicated that the best medium was that containing 3mg/l. Histological analysis of somatic embryogenesis revealed that after two weeks of culture of explants on the callus induction medium, somatic embryo development began with a cluster of proembryogenic cells in the peripheral region of the calli. The outer cell layer of embryogenic calli consisted of small and isodiametric cells, each with a dense cytoplasm and a prominent nucleus and nucleolus, whereas the inner cell layer is composed of large cells with small nuclei and large vacuoles. These embryogenic cells underwent a series of organized divisions and formed the proembryo with a well-defined protodermis. At 20 days after initiation of culture, these proembryos continued a series of organized divisions and gave rise to globular somatic embryos which are delimited by a well-defined layer of epidermal cells with conspicuous nuclei. These somatic embryos had no apparent vascular connection with the mother tissue and had a suspensor. After ten days of culture on regeneration medium, globular somatic embryos developed into heart-shaped somatic embryos, which consisted of cells with prominent nuclei and dense cytoplasm. After 15 days of culture on regeneration medium torpedo-shaped somatic embryos were observed. Then, after 25 to30 days, it turned into a monocotyledon form. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Oryza sativa; rice; in vitro culture; histology; somatic embryogenesis; morphogenesis | ||
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