CONTROL OF DROUGHT STRESS IN TOMATO PLANTS USING SOME CULTURAL PRACTICES | ||
| Menoufia Journal of Plant Production | ||
| Article 6, Volume 4, Issue 3, June 2019, Pages 271-272 PDF (319.58 K) | ||
| Document Type: original papers | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/mjppf.2019.174805 | ||
| Authors | ||
| N. M. Malash1; M. A. Fattahallah1; Mona R. Khalil2 | ||
| 1Prof. of vegetable crops, Fac. of Agric., Menoufia Univ. | ||
| 2Assistant prof. of vegetable crops, Fac. of Agric., Menoufia Univ. | ||
| Abstract | ||
| In this study, tomato plants cv. "Alisa" were irrigated with three different amounts of water i.e. optimum amount which was the amount of water that added to raise soil field capacity (FC) from 70% (as re-irrigated tomato when FC drop to 70% is considered the most suitable irrigation regime) to 100% (T1), 66% (T2) and 33% (T3) of optimum water amount. Also, three different drought adaptable treatments were applied to tomato plants, i.e. drought pretreatment of seedlings (seedling priming), spraying plants with a reflecting antitranspirant (a suspension of calcium carbonate at concentration of 6%) or infected plants with arbuscular mycorrizal fungus, as well as control which was not treat with any of adaptable treatment. Decreasing amount of irrigation water applied decreased gradually plant height, fresh and dry weights of plant organs, leaflet area, No of days to the first anthesis (F50), fruit set percentage, relative water content (RWC), N, P and K and total carbohydrate contents in leaves, No of fruits/ plant, average fruit weight and early and total yields, than those of well-watered plants (T1). water deficit treatments (T2 & T3) enhanced root length, leaflet thickness, osmotic pressure (OP) in leaves, water use efficiency (WUE) and improved fruit quality i.e. increased vit. C, TSS, titratable acidity, and lycopene contents and fruit firmness in ripe fruits. In addition, water deficit treatments altered dry matter distribution in tomato plants as it enhanced dry mater partitioning to roots on the expense of above ground organs. All adaptable treatments used, often alleviated the detrimental effects of water deficit treated plants (T2&T3) as they promoted plant growth and productivity of both well watered and water stressed plants than those of untreated (control) plants. In most cases, spraying plants with the antitranspirant material gave the highest values of growth characteristics and yield and its components with well watered treatment (T1) and moderate water stress treatment (T2) but not with severe water stress treatment (T3). Using mycorrizal inoculation treatment gave the highest values of P content in leaves, and average fruit weight. Also it gave the second highest values (as average of the effect of the three water regimes) of plant growth, plant water relations and productivity characters alternately with drought pretreatment. In addition, mycorrizal treatment gave the highest total yield and highest total plant fresh and dry weights when combined with lowest water supply (T3) than those obtained by other two adaptable treatment. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Tomato; water stress; mycorrhizal fungus; antitranspirant; drought pretreatment; yield; fruit quality | ||
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