Role of β-adrenergic receptors in insulin resistance: Induction or protection? | ||
| Zagazig Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences | ||
| Article 1, Volume 30, Issue 2, December 2021, Pages 1-22 PDF (646.63 K) | ||
| Document Type: Review Articles | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/zjps.2021.76693.1021 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Wael Ibrahim1; Islam Ibrahim* 1; Amr Mahmoud2; Mona Abdelaziz3 | ||
| 1Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University | ||
| 2Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig Universiy | ||
| 3Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University | ||
| Abstract | ||
| β Adrenergic receptors, in particular β2 subtype, are key regulators of glucose homeostasis. Previous studies showed that activation of hepatic and adipose tissue β adrenergic receptors mediates insulin desensitizing effects. On the contrary, activation of β adrenergic receptors in the skeletal muscle enhances glucose uptake. However, there is a lot of controversy regarding the metabolic effects of systemic administration of either β adrenergic receptor agonists or antagonists. β2 Agonists have been shown to substantially impair glucose homeostasis while improving it with long-term systemic administration. In the same context, acute and chronic systemic use of certain types of β blockers have been found to enhance insulin action. In this review article, we try to elaborate the underlying mechanisms that regulate glucose metabolism after acute and chronic systemic use of β adrenergic receptor agonists and antagonists in an attempt to answer the question "Do β adrenergic receptors induce or protect against insulin resistance?" | ||
| Keywords | ||
| β-Adrenergic receptors; insulin resistance; β-agonists; β-blockers; glucose homeostasis | ||
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