Gene Action and Heterosis for growth and yield in bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.) | ||
| Annals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor | ||
| Article 37, Volume 59, Issue 5, 2021, Pages 259-266 PDF (380.33 K) | ||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/assjm.2021.194274 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Omar 009647805779171 Abed Ahmed* 1; Jassem M. Aziz aljubory* 2; A.A.A. EL-Hosary* 3 | ||
| 1Minstary of agriculture | ||
| 2Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Tikrit university , Iraq | ||
| 3Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Egypt. | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Knowledge of type of gene action controlling target traits and genetic behavior is a basic principle for designing an appropriate breeding procedure for the purpose of genetic improvement. Hence, the success of any selection or hybridization breeding program for developing varieties depends on precise estimates of genetic variation components for traits of interest which may be additive, dominant and non-allelic interaction effects. Heterosis and nature of genetic effects on ealiness and yield traits were studied in a 10x10 diallel cross without reciprocals in wheat to define and select efficient and prospective material for immediate use in hybridization programs to improve grain yield of wheat in Iraq. Parents and F1 were evaluated using (RCBD) with 3 replications for quantitative traits in (2017/2018) season. Significant genotype mean squares and its components (parents and crosses) were obtained for all traits in both generations. Significant heterosis in F1 generation was obtained for all studied traits. The useful heterosis of grain yield plant-1 relative to better parent varied from 12.46 to 36.82% in F1 crosses. The P7(Millan)xP8(Hithab) and P7(Millan)xP9(Ibaa 99) were the best crosses for grain yield heterosis. General (GCA) and specific (SCA) combining ability mean squares were significant for all traits. MS (GCA)/ MS (SCA) ratios indicated the relative importance of additive and additive by additive gene action in their inheritance for all the traits except for earliness and no. of spike plant-1. The three parents P1(Abu-Graib), P3(Osais), P5(Florka) and P9 (Ibaa 99) gave the highest positive significant effects for grain yield plant-1 in the F1 crosses. Twelve crosses showed significantly desirable heterotic effects for grain yield most studied traits. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Wheat; Diallel analysis; Gene action; combining ability | ||
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