IMPACT OF SALINITY LEVELS AND EFFECTIVE SOIL DEPTH ON SORGHUM PLANTS GROWN IN SOME NILE ALLUVIAL AND CALCAREOUS SOILS UNDER EL FAYOUM CONDITIONS | ||
| Fayoum Journal of Agricultural Research and Development | ||
| Article 8, Volume 20, Issue 1, January 2006, Pages 103-119 PDF (573.14 K) | ||
| Document Type: Research articles. | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/fjard.2006.197570 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Abdel Aty M. Ibrahim; Ibrahim M. El-Samnoudi; Taia A. Abdel Mageed | ||
| Soils & Water Dept., Fac. of Agric., El Fayoum Univ., Egypt. | ||
| Abstract | ||
| This work aims to evaluate the effect of both salinity levels (normal ECe < 4, moderate 4-8 and saline 8-16 dS/m) and soil effective depths (shallow ≈ 55 cm, medium ≈ 80cm and deep ≈ 120cm water table depths) on sorghum productivity (Giza 15) grown during two successive seasons (2002 and 2003) on a Nile alluvial soil and calcareous one under El Fayoum Governorate conditions. The obtained results revealed that the tested soil salinity levels and effective soil depths greatly affected some soil properties, i.e., soil bulk density, total porosity, void ratio, air porosity, pore size distribution, water retention and transmission in the studied two soil sites during the two successive seasons. In addition, increasing soil salinity levels caused significant decreases in the studied plant growth parameters, yield and its components, i.e., plant height, panicle length, weight of 1000 grains, protein content % and grain yield, which reached 36.98, 32.27, 20.45, 29.95 and 57.46% at the Nile alluvial soil vs 36.76, 33.31, 24.05, 33.75 and 59.14% at the calcareous one, respectively, when soil salinity levels increased from S1 (normal soil) to S3 (saline soil). Also, decreasing the studied effective soil depths led to deteriorate all the aforementioned soil properties and grown plant parameters, where reducing effective soil depths from deep to shallow water table led to decrease plant height, panicle length, weight of 1000 grain, grain protein content and yield by 32.48, 24.13, 11.64, 11.78, and 86.55% in the Nile alluvial soil vs 34.2, 18.19, 11.97, 16.51 and 86.18% in the calcareous soil, respectively. The negative interaction effect between soil salinity levels or effective soil depth and plant parameters in the studied soils were clearly defined. So, it should maintain soil salinity at low level and effective soil depth at deep water table depth for producing high sorghum grain yield with satisfactory quality. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Effective soil depth; soil salinity; water table depth; growth and quality of sorghum | ||
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