MEAN PERFORMANCE, CORRELATION AND PATH COEFFICIENT ANALYSIS FOR GRAIN YIELD AND ITS COMPONENTS OF FOUR BREAD WHEAT CULTIVARS GROWN UNDER FOUR NITROGEN LEVELS | ||
| Egyptian Journal of Agricultural Research | ||
| Article 12, Volume 86, Issue 2, July 2008, Pages 561-573 PDF (3.05 M) | ||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/ejar.2008.205155 | ||
| Author | ||
| ABD-ALLA A. SWELAM | ||
| Wheat Research Section, Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt | ||
| Abstract | ||
| To study mean performance, phenotypic, genotypic and environmental associations as well as path coefficient analysis for yield and yield components of bread wheat (Triticum aestivam, L.), under various nitrogen levels two field experiments were conducted during 2003/2004 and 2004/2005 winter seasons at Kafr El-Flamarn Agricultural Research Station, Zagazig, Sharkia Govemorate, Agricultural Research Center (ARC). The response of four wheat cultivars i.e., Gemmeiza 9, Sakha 69, Sakha 93 and Giza 168 to four nitrogen fertilization rates e.g., 25, 50, 75 and 100 kg N/fad were investigated. Spilt-plot design with three replications was used where, wheat cultivars were randomly distributed in main plots, meanwhile, nitrogen fertilizer levels were allotted in sub plots. The obtained results showed highly significant differences among the studied wheat cultivars in both seasons for days to maturity, spike length, number of spikes/m2, 1000-grain weight, biological yield (ton/fad) and grain yield (ardb/fad), meanwhile plant height (2'5 season) and number of grains/spike (1st season) were only significant. Also, significant differences among nitrogen fertilization levels were observed for all studied characters, in both seasons, except plant height (1st season). Sakha 93 had the shortest plants and the longest ears and was, earliest in days to maturity. The highest number of spikes/m2.was recorded for Sakha 69 and the highest number of grains for Giza 168. Gemmeiza 9 possessed the heaviest 1000-grain weight. Sakha 93 had the highest grain yield (ardb/fad). Meanwhile, the highest biological yield was recorded for Gemmeiza 9. Significant variations were recorded for nitrogen levels for all studied characters. Mean values of characters under nitrogen levels varied from character to character. It could be noted that, generally, the interaction effect between cultivars x nitrogen levels was insignificant. Path coeffident analysis showed that the highest contributions for grain yield (ardb/fad) was the number of grains/spike followed by 1000-grain weight. Characters assodation showed that the grain yield was assodated positively and significantly with number of grains/spike at both phenotypic and genotypic levels on both seasons. Also, spike length was associated significantly with grain yield (ardb/fad) in rd season only. These results are of great interest for wheat producer and agronomist as well as plant breeder to give valuable information for wheat production and breeding for high yielding. | ||
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