علام, . (2021). الدبلوماسية الدينية وبناء السلام: مقاربة فقهية إسلامية في ضوء منهج أهل السنة والجماعة Faith-Based Diplomacy and Peacebuilding: An Islamic Jurisprudential Perspective in Light of the Methodology of Ahl as-Sunnah wa al-Jama'ah. test, 13(13), 1059-1103. doi: 10.21608/bfrt.2021.211403
حسام الدين عاطف محمد علام علام. "الدبلوماسية الدينية وبناء السلام: مقاربة فقهية إسلامية في ضوء منهج أهل السنة والجماعة Faith-Based Diplomacy and Peacebuilding: An Islamic Jurisprudential Perspective in Light of the Methodology of Ahl as-Sunnah wa al-Jama'ah". test, 13, 13, 2021, 1059-1103. doi: 10.21608/bfrt.2021.211403
علام, . (2021). 'الدبلوماسية الدينية وبناء السلام: مقاربة فقهية إسلامية في ضوء منهج أهل السنة والجماعة Faith-Based Diplomacy and Peacebuilding: An Islamic Jurisprudential Perspective in Light of the Methodology of Ahl as-Sunnah wa al-Jama'ah', test, 13(13), pp. 1059-1103. doi: 10.21608/bfrt.2021.211403
علام, . الدبلوماسية الدينية وبناء السلام: مقاربة فقهية إسلامية في ضوء منهج أهل السنة والجماعة Faith-Based Diplomacy and Peacebuilding: An Islamic Jurisprudential Perspective in Light of the Methodology of Ahl as-Sunnah wa al-Jama'ah. test, 2021; 13(13): 1059-1103. doi: 10.21608/bfrt.2021.211403

الدبلوماسية الدينية وبناء السلام: مقاربة فقهية إسلامية في ضوء منهج أهل السنة والجماعة Faith-Based Diplomacy and Peacebuilding: An Islamic Jurisprudential Perspective in Light of the Methodology of Ahl as-Sunnah wa al-Jama'ah

حولية کلية أصول الدين والدعوة الإسلامية بطنطا
Article 17, Volume 13, Issue 13, 2021, Pages 1059-1103    PDF (664.03 K)
Document Type: المقالة الأصلية
DOI: 10.21608/bfrt.2021.211403
Author
حسام الدين عاطف محمد علام علام*
مرکز الأزهر العالمي للرصد والفتوى الإلکترونية – مشيخة الأزهر الشريف – جمهورية مصر العربية
Abstract
الدبلوماسية الدينية وبناء السلام: مقاربة فقهية إسلامية
في ضوء منهج أهل السنة والجماعة
حسام الدين عاطف محمد علام
 مرکز الأزهر العالمي للرصد والفتوى الإلکترونية – مشيخة الأزهر الشريف – جمهورية مصر العربية 
 البريد الإلکتروني: hossameddeen@azharonline.edu.eg
الملخص:
يهدف البحث إلى:بيان طبيعة العلاقة بين الدبلوماسية الدينية وبناء السلام من منظور الفقه الإسلامي في ضوء منهج أهل السنة والجماعة الذي يعتمده الأزهر الشريف، وموقف الفقه الإسلامي من الحصانات الدبلوماسية، ولتحقيق ذلک، کان من الضروري أن يبدأ البحث بتسليط الضوء على أصل کلمة الدبلوماسية ومغزاها، ومفاهيم الدبلوماسية الدينية وبناء السلام إلى جانب إطلالة متفحصة على الدبلوماسية وممارساتها في شبه الجزيرة العربية قبل بزوغ فجر الإسلام.
    علاوة على ذلک، ينظر هذا البحث في طبيعة العلاقة المعيارية بين المسلمين وغير المسلمين، ويرجح مذهب أن الأصل في علاقة المسلمين بغير المسلمين هو السلام، وموقع الحصانة الدبلوماسية في الفقه الإسلامي، وهو يرتکز بشکل أساسي على محاولة تأطير الممارسات الدبلوماسية المتعارف عليها دوليًّا لبناء السلام في ضوء المصادر الأصلية للفقه الإسلامي في إطار منهج الأزهر الشريف الوسطي الذي يمثل معقل أهل السنة والجماعة عالميًّا.
    وقد اعتمد الباحث المنهج الاستقرائي التحليلي والذي کشف عن أن البشرية تعيش في الوقت الحاضر في "قرية عالمية"؛ حيث لا يستطيع أي إنسان أن يعيش في عزلة عما يحدث في أي مکان آخر؛ فإن عالمنا مترابط للغاية لدرجة أن التعايش السلمي أصبح السبيل الوحيدَ للمضيِّ قُدُمًا نحو التقدم والاستقرار؛ ففي القرن الحادي والعشرين، لا يزال للدين والإيمان والمُقدَّسات دورًا محوريًا في تشکيل وعي الناس والتأثير على مواقفهم واتجاهاتهم، على الرغم من الأحداث المؤلمة والمتکررة التي نتجت عن إساءة استخدام التعاليم الدينية المختلفة من قبل بعض أتباعها المزعومين لتبرير العنف أو التحريض عليه؛ وذلک على الرغم من وجود قواسمَ مشترکةٍ إيجابية بين الشرائع الدينية المختلفة؛ لذلک، فإن الحوار المتحضر الذي يرتکز على البحث العلمي والممارسات الدبلوماسية التي تحترم القانون هي أدوات أساسية في تحقيق بناء السلام العالمي المنشود. 
  وهذا البحث هو مساهمة متواضعة لإثراء هذا الحوار من منظور فقهي داخل دين سماوي واسع الانتشار عالميًّا، حيث إنه هو الدين الذي يعتنقه ما يقرب من خُمس سکان کوکب الأرض؛ وعلى الرغم من ذلک فإنه يُساء فهمه إلى حد کبير أکثر من أي دين آخر، حتى من قبل بعض أتباعه أحيانًا.
وقد توصل الباحث إلى عدة مقترحات أهمها:إنشاء مرکز الأزهر العالمي لتحليل الصراعات وبناء السلام، وضرورة إدراج مادة العلاقات الدولية ضمن مقررات الأزهر الشريف الجامعية. 
Faith-Based Diplomacy and Peacebuilding: An Islamic Jurisprudential Perspective in Light of the Methodology of Ahl as-Sunnah wa al-Jama'ah
Hossam Ed-Deen Attef Muhammad Allam
Al-Azhar Global Centre for Observing and Online Fatwa – Mashyakhet Al-Azhar – The Arab Republic of Egypt.
E-mail: hossameddeen@azharonline.edu.eg
Abstract
   Seeking to fathom the nexus between faith-based peacebuilding as well as the stance of Islamic jurisprudence on diplomatic immunities, this paper, through employing a deductive and analytical approach, at the outset, commences with an elucidation of the etymology and significance of the notions of diplomacy, faith-based diplomacy, and peacebuilding as used in the literature of international relations and diplomacy. It provides a critical investigation of the nature of diplomacy in Pre-Islamic Arabia in practical terms through highlighting tangible instances. Subsequently, the essay attempts to explore the multi-faceted nature of the relations between Muslim and non-Muslims. Finally, it provides a set of concluding remarks and recommendations concerning the growing role of the faith-based diplomacy, especially with regards to the institution of Al-Azhar, in shaping the strategies of conflict amelioration and peacebuilding.
Keywords
الدبلوماسية الدينية· بناء السلام · الحصانة الدبلوماسية · الفقه الإسلامي · الأزهر · أهل السنة والجماعة · علاقة المسلمين بغير المسلمين Fait; Based Diplomacy; Peacebuilding; Diplomatic Immunity · Islamic Jurisprudence; Al; Azhar; Ahl as; Sunnah wa al; Jama'ah; Muslim and non; Muslim Relations
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