THE PHENOMENON OF POVERTY IN EGYPT BETWEEN REALITY AND HOPED AND ITS POSITION AMONG SOME OF THE DEVELOPING COUNTRIES | ||
| Journal of Environmental Science | ||
| Article 9, Volume 42, Issue 1, June 2018, Pages 159-194 PDF (680.39 K) | ||
| Document Type: Review Article | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/jes.2018.21646 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Rihan, M. K. I.1; Elkassas, H. I.2; Abd El-Hamid, Seham, A.2; Abd El-Fattah, Walaa, O.2 | ||
| 1Department of Agricultural Economics, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University | ||
| 2Department of Environmental Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Environmental Studies and Research, Ain Shams University. | ||
| Abstract | ||
| The issue of poverty, especially in third world countries is one of the biggest challenges facing the contemporary world, So this research aimed to identify poverty indicators in Egypt, and study the most important determinants of poverty, and in which they can reduce the levels of poverty in Egyptian society. The study showed that the proportion of the poor in Egypt in 2015 represent about 27.8% of the total population, about 5.4% Living in extreme poverty. it appears increasing poverty in upper Egypt comparing with Lower Egypt, also Rural comparing with urban we used Panel Data which depend on time series data,cross section data together.To overcome the problem of availability of data about the problem of poverty in particular, either through random sampling or time series.They both are incapable for current study requirements, time series has been selected for two years(2014,2015),As the latest two availability by poverty data for the States studied reflection time dimension effect of sample time; It became a high degrees of freedom after N become high. The study sample included 14 countries of some areas of various States, representing cross section data which appears Effect of sample regions. To see the determinants that affect on the ratio of poverty in Egypt and some developing countries included in the study. As it turns through the standard estimate of poverty determinants that variables that biggest contribution in explaining the change in the level of poverty are: Prevalence of undernourishment (% of population), Unemployment, total (% of total labor force), Inflation, consumer prices (annual %), Rural population (% of total population), Agriculture, value added (% of GDP), and GDP per capital.That 98% of changes that occur in poverty due to these independent variables. decreasing the population undernourished by 1% consequent decreasing in the poverty rate by 1.01%. The study recommended reducing the proportion of rural population from 56.9% to 24.01%, and reduce the proportion of undernourished people from 4.5% to 4.38% , and reducing the unemployment rate from 12.8% to 5.22%, and reducing the rate of inflation from 10.4% to 8.62%, and increase the added value of agriculture from 11.3% to 17.81%, and increase GDP per capita from 10.8% to 14.7%. For reducing poverty from 27.8% to 15.95%. this is achieved through attention to agricultural development and food security through the expansion of land reclamation, and increase productivity of agricultural crops; by collects fragmented holdings, and the return of the agricultural cycle, and activate the role of the agricultural guider. In addition to the establishment of small and micro projects | ||
| Keywords | ||
| key words: Poverty; National Poverty; Extreme Poverty; human development; Determinants Of Poverty | ||
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