EVALUATION OF TOXICOKINETIC PARAMETERS OF NANOALUMINA IN SERUM AND TISSUES OF MALE ALBINO RATS | ||
| Egyptian Journal of Zoology | ||
| Article 4, Volume 62, Issue 62, December 2014, Pages 93-110 | ||
| Document Type: Original Research Papers | ||
| DOI: 10.12816/0009338 | ||
| Author | ||
| Gamal M. Morsy* | ||
| Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt | ||
| Abstract | ||
| There is no information available on the toxicokinetics of nanoalumina (aluminum oxide nanoparticles, Al2O3-NP, 9.38±1.6 nm) based on experimental studies on mammals. Therefore, the current work aimed to shed light on the toxicokinetics of nanoalumina in tissues of male albino rats as a mammalian model. Rats were injected with a single intraperitoneal (i.p.) dose of nanoalumina (0.13 g/kg body weight, equivalent to 0.01 of its LD50). The residues and kinetic parameters of nanoaluminum (N-Al) were estimated in the serum brain, liver, kidney, and intestine throughout 13 periods (0.5, 1, 2, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27 and 30 days of injection). The N-Al residues were significantly modulated by the experimental period, organ, treatment and the interactions among these factors. In all the studied tissues, the residue levels were higher in the rats injected with the nanoalumina than those of the corresponding controls indicating the ability of the studied tissues to accumulate this material. The tissue residual levels exhibited a negative exponential relationship with the experimental periods. The highest mean values of the total area under curve (AUCtotal) were recorded in the liver followed by the kidneys, brain, intestine and serum, but for the mean values of the total area under the moment curve (AUMCtotal) the order was as follows; the brain> liver> kidney > intestine > serum. The lowest computed mean values of the N-Al residues at time zero (C0) were recorded in the brain < serum < kidney < liver < intestine. The mean values of maximum concentration (Cmax) of N-Al, were observed in the following descending order; the liver, kidney and intestine at maximum time (Tmax) two days, followed by serum (one day) and brain (three days). The mean half-life of elimination and the mean retention time (MRT) of N-Al in the brain were significantly higher than those of the liver > kidney > intestine > serum. The total clearance rates (CLtotal) and the elimination rate constant (LZ) from the brain were severely reduced and became significantly less than those of the other tissues in the following order; the brain < liver < kidney < intestine < serum. In conclusion, this is the first attempt to investigate the toxicokinetics of Al2O3-NP in a mammalian model, which provides unprecedented results that will help in the accurate assessment of the uptake, absorption, distribution, redistribution, and accumulation of this nano-material in the tissues. This, in turn, will furnish a reliable predictive tool to assess the relative toxicity of nanoalumina in different tissues. In addition, the results revealed that the determination of AUCtotal and AUMCtotal represent a valuable key in predicting the of N-Al in tissues. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| nanoalumina; Rats; Toxicokinetic parameters; tissue residues | ||
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