INDUCTION OF SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS AND SHOOT ORGANOGENESIS FROM IMMATURE LEAVES OF CASSAVA (Manihot esculenta, crantz) AND FIELD ESTABLISHMENT OF REGENERANTS. | ||
| Journal of Plant Production | ||
| Article 20, Volume 30, Issue 10, October 2005, Pages 6197-6209 PDF (4 M) | ||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/jpp.2005.237546 | ||
| Author | ||
| M. A. Hassan, | ||
| Dept. of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Direct somatic embryogenesis was successfully obtained from young leaves of cassava cultured on induction medium. The addition of 2,4-0 and picloram at 4 or 6 mg/l to induction medium was significantly effective in induction of somatic embryogenesis and in increasing number of embryogenic explants. The presence of cytokinins in induction medium, except kinetin, significantly reduced frequency of embryogenesis and number of embryogenic explants. Increasing carbon source from 20 g/l to 40 g/l was associated with a significant reduction in number of embryogenic explants and in frequency of embryogenesis. Maltose at 20g/l was the most effective carbon source for the induction of somatic embryogenesis and for increasing number of embryogenic explants. Supplementing somatic embryo induction medium with amino acids did not improve frequency of embryogenesis or number of embryogenic explants. As for the extended effect of auxins, cytokinins, carbon sources and amino acids on plantlet regeneration from somatic cotyledons, results pointed out that 2,4-0 and picloram at 4 mg/l, SA at 1 mg/l and zeatin at 0.5 mg/l and maltose at 20 gil had a positive extended effect, which led to significant increase in frequency of regeneration and number of regenerated plantlets lexplant. However, amino acids had no positive effect on frequency of regeneration or number of regenerants lexplant. Adding silver nitrate at 4 mg/l to plantlet regeneration medium was very effective in increasing percentage-regenerating explant, but did not affect number of regenerated plantlets per explant. Field experiments, during summer seasons of 2002103 and 2003/04 proved that both tissue culture propagated cassava or those propagated by stem cuttings did not significantly differ in average root length, diameter and weight, number of tuber roots/plant and tuber root yield/ plant. | ||
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