OCHRATOXIN A IN HUMAN DIET AND URINE AND ITS REDUCTION BY GARLIC AND ORANGE JUICE | ||
| Journal of Food and Dairy Sciences | ||
| Article 7, Volume 30, Issue 11, November 2005, Pages 6927-6938 PDF (3.33 M) | ||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/jfds.2005.238049 | ||
| Author | ||
| A. Salim | ||
| Food Science and Nutrition Division, National Res. Center,Dokki, Egypt. | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Assessment of human exposure to ochratoxin A (OT A) was achieved by analysis of some foodstuff, food consumption from a series of individuals using the duplicated diet method and urinary OTA concentration. Samples of foodstuffs including cereals, legumes, dried fruits, dairy products and meats were collected from Egyptian countryside, samples of duplicate diets and urine samples were collected from 25 volunteers living in one area of the Egyptian village during one month on a weekly basis. The method uses immunoaffinity column clean-up and reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with fluorescence detector for quantification of the toxin. It was found that 33.57% of foodstuff samples (a total 140 samples) contained OTA in variable quantities. All diet and urine samples contained OT A. The exposure calculated from OT A levels in the diets were below the tolerable daily intake recommended by JECFA at 1.2-14 ng Ikg bw/day ; the average daily intake ranged from 1.07 to 8.43 ng/kg bw/day with a mean value 4.49±1.95. OTA urine levels ranged from 17-61ng/L with a mean value 31.40±11.15. This suggests that the population is exposed to OTA at high frequency, since the toxin is frequently found, albeit at low levels, in a number of commonly consumed foods. High significant correlation were found between OTA consumption and urinary OT A level suggesting that urine provide a good biomarker of intake. The effect of garlic and ascorbic acid (fresh orange juice) on reducing OTA levels in human was also investigated. The results indicate that garlic and orange juice effectively reduced the levels of OTA in urine. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Ochratoxin A; Human exposure, Food contaminants, Antioxidants | ||
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