EFFECTS OF LEAD, CADMIUM, VA·MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI AND THEIR INTERACTIONS ON THE GROWTH OF RADISH PLANT (Rafhanus sativus, L.). | ||
| Journal of Plant Production | ||
| Article 5, Volume 29, Issue 5, May 2004, Pages 2415-2430 PDF (1.1 M) | ||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/jpp.2004.238619 | ||
| Authors | ||
| R. A. Fouda,1; Amany A. Ramadan,2 | ||
| 1Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura UnIversity | ||
| 2Botany Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt. | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Lead and cadmium at 100 and 200 ppm decreased length of either root or shoot system and their fresh and dry weights as well as leaf area per plant in both seasons. Photosynthetic pigment concentrations in the leaves; carbohydrate and endogenous phytohormones (1M, GAJ and cytokinins) concentrations in the shoot system were also decreased, while ABA and accumulatlon of both lead and cadmium in the root and shoot systems were Increased. Cadmium was more concentrated in the shoot, whereas lead in the plant reet Cadmium application led to more deleterious effect compared with lead. On the other hand, inoculation with VA-mycorrhizae increased all the above mentioned parameters, while suppressed not only the accumulation of ABA In the shoot system, but also accumulation of the two applied heavy metals in both root and shoot systems. Anatomically, treatments with lead and cadmium decreased root diameter, cortex thickness, diameter of vascular cylinder and metaxylem vessel diameter. Leaf blade thickness and mesophyll tissue thickness were also decreased due to reducing both parlSade and spongy tissue thickness. The size of the midvein vascular bundle was decreased as indicated by its width and length. Inoculation with VA-mycorrhizae induced all the above mentioned anatomical parameters. It is also interesting to mention that inoculation with VA-mycormizal fungi alleviated the adverse effects of lead at all concentrations used and partially alleviated effects of cadmium, leading to improving plant performance under the heavy metals stress. | ||
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