EFFECT OF SOWING DATE AND NITROGEN FERTILIZER LEVELS IN RELATION TO YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENTS OF DURUM WHEAT (TRITICUM TURGIDUM VARDURUM) UNDER UPPER EGYPT ENVIRONMENTS. | ||
| Journal of Plant Production | ||
| Article 2, Volume 29, Issue 10, October 2004, Pages 5431-5442 PDF (3.5 M) | ||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/jpp.2005.238817 | ||
| Authors | ||
| A. M. Tammam,; M. B. Tawfils | ||
| Wheat Research Program, Field Crops Research Institute, ARE, Egypt. | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Two field trials were conducted at Shandaweel Agricultural Experimental Research Station during two Successive seasons of 2002/2003 and 2003/2004. The objectives of this study was conducted study to study the effect of two sowing dates (normal and late planting) and four nitrogen fertilizer rates(25,50,75 and 100kgN/fed) , on six durum wheat genotypes, i.e. Sohag 1, Sohag 2, Sohag 3, Bani-Sweif 1, Bani- Sweif 2, Bani-Sweif 3. The results showed that means of squares of all the studied traits, were significant in the recommended sowing date compared to the late planting. Number of days to heading decreased when the sowing date was delayed. The earliest genotype for heading date was Sohag 1, while the genotype Bani-Sweif 3 was the latest for this trait. The recommended sowing date produced the highest number of spike/m2, number of kernels/spike, 1000-kernel weight, biological yield and grain yield/m2. Genotype Sohag 3 gave the highest number of kernels/spike, while the great value of number of spikes/ m2 and grain yield was obtained by Bani-Sweif 3genotype . Heading date, number of spikes 1m2, number of kernels/spike, 1000- kernel weight, biological and grain yield-/ha were increased with the increments of nitrogen application levels up to 100kgN/fed. However, the results obtained from the plants supplied with 75kgN/fed except number of spikes/m2 up to 50kgN/fed were not significant different from those provided with 100kgN/fed. The interaction between sowing date and cultivars had significant effect for all the studied traits. However, the interaction between sowing dates and nitrogen fertilizer levels significant for heading date, biological yield and grain yield/ha, The interaction between genotypes and nitrogen fertilizer levels had a significant effect for heading date and grain yield. Furthermore, the interaction between sowing date, genotypes and nitrogen fertilizer levels was significant for number of kernels per spike, biological and grain yield.lha Therefore, the conclusion of this study is that executing breeding program on the preceding wheat genotypes as well as adopting the proper agricultural practices in Upper Egypt such as planting in a proper time, and adding 75kgN/fed, in particular, at the first stage of the growth of wheat plants in a season could improve and increase both grain yield of wheat plants and its components in Upper Egypt. | ||
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