الإفتاء بالمرجوح وتطبيقاته المعاصرة | ||
| مجلة الشريعة والقانون بالقاهرة | ||
| Article 2, Volume 39, Issue 39, April 2022, Pages 29-133 PDF (2.82 M) | ||
| Document Type: المقالة الأصلية | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/mawq.2022.240024 | ||
| Author | ||
| محمد صلاح حلمي سعد | ||
| قسم أصول الفقه, کلية الشريعة والقانون, جامعة الأزهر, القاهرة, جمهورية مصر العربية | ||
| Abstract | ||
| تدور هذه الدراسة حول بيان المسوغات والأحوال التي يعدل فيها المفتي عن الأصل الراجح والقاعدة المستمرة في باب الإفتاء وهي الإفتاء بالراجح إلى غيره من الأقوال, ذلک العدول الذي يقرره وينظمه ضوابط وأسس, ويحکمه مقاصد وغايات, حتى يمکن ضبط الفوضى العارمة التي عمت المجتمعات بسبب التعامل مع الآراء الفقهية الموجودة في کتب التراث على أنها جميعا في درجة واحدة, وأنها تصلح جميعها في جميع الأحوال والظروف للإفتاء بها حسب هوى المفتي ورؤيته الشخصية أو حسب هوى المستفتي وما يتمناه. وقد جاء البحث في مقدمة وخمسة مباحث وخاتمة, بين المبحث الأول مفهوم الإفتاء بالمرجوح والثاني عن حکم الإفتاء بالمرجوح, أما الثالث فکان في تحديد ضوابط الإفتاء بالمرجوح في الفقه الإسلامي, ثم جاء المبحث الرابع مبينا مقاصد الإفتاء بالمرجوح, وفي المبحث الخامس تعرض البحث لبعض التطبيقات الفقهية المعاصرة للإفتاء بالمرجوح ثم کانت خاتمة البحث التي تضمنت أهم ما توصل إليه البحث من نتائج وتوصيات ومن أهمها: بيان أن الفقه الإسلامي قد ضبط الإفتاء بالمرجوح بضوابط ومسوغات ومقاصد جعلته مرتقى صعبا ومرکبا غير ذلول لکل مشتغل بالإفتاء.مع التأکيد على أن التزام المفتي بالراجح في کل زمان ومکان وواقعة ضيق في الأفق وقلة في الفقه وذهول عن فلسفة الشريعة ومقاصدها العليا. This study revolves around a statement of reasons and conditions in which the Grand Mufti modifies the most likely origin and the continuous rule in Bab Al-Iftaa, which is to issue a fatwa with the slightest possible reference to other words. This is the Justice that is determined and regulated by rules and foundations, and governed by purposes and objectives, so that the chaos prevailing in societies due to dealing with the juristic views found in heritage books can be controlled, as they are all in one degree. The third was in determining the rules for issuing fatwas for candidates in Islamic jurisprudence. The fourth was then, indicating the intent of issuing fatwas for candidates. In the fifth, the research presented some contemporary jurisprudence applications for issuing fatwas for candidates. The statement said that Islamic jurisprudence has controlled Al-Marouh's fatwa with regulations, justifications, and purposes, making it a difficult climb and a non-humiliating compound for all those working on the fatwa. It also stressed that the Mufti's commitment to Al-Rajeh in every time and place is a narrow reality on the horizon, a lack of jurisprudence, and disregard for the philosophy of Sharia and its supreme purposes. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| إفتاء; الفتوى; المفتي; المرجوح; المعاصرة. : fatwa; fatwa; mufti; swing; contemporary | ||
| References | ||
|
أولا: کتب الحديث وشروحه
ثانيا: کتب أصول الفقه
ثالثا: کتب الفقه الفقه الحنفي
الفقه المالکي
الفقه الشافعي
الفقه الحنبلي
فقه المذاهب الأخرى والفتاوى
کتب اللغة والمعاجم
کتب التاريخ والتراجم
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99. The fatwas of Imam Muhammad Rashid Rida, the investigation of Dr. Salahuddin Al-Minijed, without mentioning the publisher and the edition.
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101. Sabki fatwas by Imam Abi al-Hasan Taqi al-Din Ali bin Abdul Kafi al-Sabki, Dar al-Maarafa - Beirut.
102. Ibn Taymiyya fatwa collection by Sheik al-Islam Taqi al-Din Ahmed bin Taymiyyah al-Harani. Abdul Rahman ibn Muhammad ibn Qasim, King Fahd Complex for Printing the Holy Quran, Prophetic City, 1416 A.D./1995.
103. Sheik Abdullah bin Zaid Al Mahmoud Message Collection, third edition Doha Qatar 1436H 2015.
104. Dar al-Fikr for printing, publishing and distribution.
105. The survey on the Gurbin of the Scholar Muhammad Jamal Al-Din Al-Qasimi was presented by Sheik Ahmed Shaker and achieved by Muhammad Nasser Al-Din Al-Albani, Islamic Bureau of Beirut, first edition 1391H 1971
Language books and dictionaries
106. Correcting the names and languages of the father of Zakaria Mohieddin Yahya bin Sharaf al-Nawawi (deceased: 676h) I meant publishing it, correcting it, commenting on it, and meeting its origins: The Scientists Company with the assistance of the Manyrian Printing Administration, published by the Scientific Books House, Beirut-Lebanon.
107. Refining the language of Abu Mansour Mohammed bin Ahmed Al-Azhari, Dar Al-Athriat Al-Arabi-Beirut, first edition 2001, An Achievement: Mohammed Awad is terrifying.
108. Al-Sahhah (Crown of Language and Authenticity of Arabic) by Ismail Bin Hammad Al-Gohary, Dar Al-Alam Al-Melloun-Beirut, 4th edition, 1990.
109. The Arabic tongue of Mohammed Bin Makram Bin Mizzoor Al-Afriki Al-Masri, Dar Sader-Beirut.
110. Language Standards for Abu Al-Hussein Ahmad Bin Faris Bin Zakaria, Achieve: Abdel Salam Mohammed Haroun, Arab Writers Union, 1423H-2002.
History and translation books
111. Al-Alam Al-Khair Al-Din Al-Zirkly, Dar Al-Alam Al-Almuli, 5th edition, 1980 AD.
112. In order to raise awareness among linguists and sculptors of Abdul Rahman Bin Abi Bakr, Jalal Al-Din Al-Suweiti, achieve: Mohammed Abou El Fadl Ibrahim, Modern Library - Lebanon / Saida.
113. Crown of Translation for Abu Al-Fida Zein Al-Deen Abu Al-Adl Qassem Bin Qatlubga Al-Sudouni Al-Jamali Al-Hanafi: Muhammad Kheir Ramadan Yusuf, Dar al-Qalam, Damascus, first edition, 1413 H-1992.
114. The history of Ibn Khaldoun is the first part of the book of the Arabs, the Court of Beginnings, and the story in the days of the Arabs, the Ajam, and the Berbers. Those of their time are from the people with the greatest authority, the Scholar Abd Al-Rahman Ibn Khaldoun Al-Maghrabi, the House of Arab Heritage Revival, Beirut, Lebanon.
115. The March of the Twelfth Century: Muhammad Khalil Bin Ali Bin Muhammad Bin Muhammad Murad Al-Hussaini, Dar Al-Bashayer Al-Islamiyya, Dar Ibn Hazm, 3rd edition, 1408H-1988.
116. Access to the layers of the beans to Mustafa bin Abdullah Al-Qostantini, the Ottoman known as "Haji Khalifa" (dead 1067H), an investigation : Mahmoud Abdel Qader Al-Arnaout: Religion Ihsanoglu completed an audit: Saleh Saadawi Saleh Library Ersika, Istanbul, Turkey 2010
117. Jurisprudence classes for Abi Isaac Shirazi, Ihsan Abbas Achievement, Dar Al-Raed Al-Arabi Beirut, first edition 1970.
118. Islamic Jurisprudence of Muhammad ibn al-Hasan ibn al-Arabi ibn Muhammad al-Hajui al-Thalbi al-Jaafari al-Fassi (deceased: 1376H) Science Book House - Beirut - Lebanon Edition: I. 1416H 1995. | ||
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