Effect of Enoxaparin and Swertiamarin on Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes Mellitus in Rats: Biochemical, Histological and Immunohistochemical Study | ||
| Egyptian Journal of Histology | ||
| Article 30, Volume 46, Issue 3, September 2023, Pages 1431-1447 PDF (3.86 M) | ||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/ejh.2022.144798.1703 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Samah Kandeel* 1; Mona Tayssir Sadek2 | ||
| 1Histology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Egypt. | ||
| 2Histology department, Faculty of medicine, Tanta University | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by elevated blood glucose levels. Enoxaparin is low molecular weight heparin with anticoagulant, anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic actions. Swertiamarin is secoiridoid glycoside with hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Aim of the Work: To evaluate the effect of enoxaparin and swertiamarin on streptozotocin (STZ)-induced DM using histological, immunohistochemical and biochemical techniques. Materials and Methods: Seventy Wistar rats (10-12 weeks) weighing 120-150 gram divided into 2 main groups. Group 1 (control: 55 rats) and group 2 (STZ-induced DM: 55 rats): Diabetes mellitus induced by 50 mg/kg STZ single dose intraperitoneal; only 40 rats became diabetic and subdivided into 4 equal subgroups. Subgroup 2a (STZ): left without treatment, subgroup 2b (STZ+Enoxaparin): treated with enoxaparin 2 mg/kg/day subcutaneously for 3 weeks, subgroup 2c (STZ+Swertiamrin): treated with swertiamarin 50 mg/kg/day orally for 3 weeks and subgroup 2d (STZ+Enoxaparin+Swertiamarin): treated with enoxaparin and swertiamarin as previous doses and period. Results: Subgroup 2a (STZ) showed decreased body & pancreas weight and ratio, increased blood glucose level, plasma HbA1c%, total cholesterol, TGs, LDL and decreased HDL, reduced tissue SOD & GSH, elevated tissue MDA, TNF-α & IL-6. Congested dilated blood capillaries, β& α cell cytoplasmic vacuolations & nuclear pyknosis by H&E, increased collagen area percentage, HSP60 color intensity & decreased PCNA percentage were detected. Treated subgroups (2b,2c,2d) showed marked amelioration of previously reported results especially in subgroup 2d. Conclusion: Combined use of enoxaparin and swertiamarin showed the best results in improvement of biochemical and structural changes on islet cells of the pancreas in type 2 diabetes mellitus in rats than their separate use. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Diabetes mellitus; enoxaparin; swertiamarin; streptozotocin | ||
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