Essential oil from Pelargonium graveolens shows anticancer activity and ameliorates the DNA damage and genotoxicity of doxorubicin in mice | ||
| Egyptian Journal of Chemistry | ||
| Volume 66, Issue 2, February 2023, Pages 543-552 PDF (593.3 K) | ||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/ejchem.2022.148886.6432 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Maha Aly Fahmy1; ayman Ali farghaly1; Emad Mohamed Hassan2; Entesar El-Sayed Hassan* 3; Zeinab Mohamed Hassan4; Khaled Mahmoud Mahmoud5 | ||
| 1Department of Genetics and Cytology, National Research Centre (NRC), Dokki, Giza, Egypt | ||
| 2Department of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research, National Research Centre (NRC), Dokki, Giza, Egypt. | ||
| 3Department of Genetics and Cytology, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt. | ||
| 4Department of Natural Compounds Chemistry, National Research Centre (NRC), Dokki, Giza,Egypt | ||
| 5Department of Pharmacognosy, National Research Centre (NRC), Dokki, Giza, Egypt. | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Pelargonium graveolens essential oil (PGEO) is an interesting plant extract. The ability of this oil to protect against genotoxicity induced by the anticancer drug doxorubicin (DOX) and its anticancer activity were examined. The following groups of mice were tested for genotoxicity: Group I, negative control; Group II, orally treated with 0.9 ml/kg PGEO; Group III, i.p. injected with DOX at 20 mg/kg; Groups IV-VI, animals received PGEO doses of 0.3, 0.6, and 0.9 ml/kg orally for 5 days, plus a single i.p. injection of DOX on the 5th day of treatment. Significant genotoxicity after DOX treatment was noted in bone marrow cells evidenced by increasing frequency of micronuclei, sister chromatid exchanges, and chromosomal abnormalities. Conversely, DOX did not affect spermatocyte chromosomes. PGEO showed no effects on any genotoxicity endpoints examined. Further, the oil was protective against genotoxicity induced by DOX. PGEO also displayed strong cytotoxic effects on all human cancer cell lines tested: HepG2, PC3, A549, A431, HCT116, and MCF7, with ~100% cell death at a concentration of 100 µg/ml. GC/MS analysis identified 27 compounds. The two major components were citronellol and geraniol which participate to a great extent with other components in the protective role of PGEO. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Doxorubicin; Genotoxicity; Pelargonium graveolens; Essential oil; Protective role; Anticancer effect | ||
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