PRELIMINARY STUDIES ON THE ENZYMATIC TREATMENT OF COTTONSEED FOR HIGHER OIL YIELD | ||
| Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering | ||
| Article 12, Volume 27, Issue 4, April 2002, Pages 2799-2808 PDF (3.09 M) | ||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/jssae.2002.254174 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Fakhriya S. Taha,; Elham A. A. Yousef; S. S. Omar | ||
| Fats and Oils Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Enzymatic pretreatment of oilseeds prior to oil extraction is an alternative to the thermal/hydrothermal treatment carried out in the industry to degrade the cell walls. In this work cottonseed flakes were enzymatically treated with cellulase, hemicellulase, and pectinase. The enzyme concentrations investigated were 1, 2, and 3%, at moisture: cottonseed flakes ratio of 5.5:1, 7:1and 10.5:1 (w/w) for 3 and 6 hours.The pH and temperature of the reactions were those stated by the manufacturers. Pectinase proved the most efficient of the three enzymes followed by cellulase, extracting ca. 45% and 40% oil, respectively, from the treated flakes, compared to 37% extracted oil from nontreated cottonseed flakes. All treatments resulted in highly significant differences (P<0.001) compared to nontreated flakes. Enzyme mixtures were formulated between pectinase : Cellulase (1:1 ,w/w) and pectinase : cellulase: hemiceliulase (0.66 : 0.66 : 0.66, w/w). Percentage increase in oil extractability was in the following order pectinase : cellulase > pectinase > pectinase : cellulase: hemicellulase > cellulase> hemicellulase yielding 28% , 22% , 22 % and 10.5%, respectively. Iodine value, acid value and total gossypol of all the resulting oils were examined. The fatty acid composition of the oils resulting from the treatments together with the iodine value show that the ratio of saturated to unsaturated fatty acids were either the same as the untreated oil or the saturation increased slightly. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Cottonseed oil; pectinase; cellulase; hemicellulase; oil extractability | ||
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