MUNICIPAL GARBAGE EFFECTS ON THE LEACHING OF SOIL SOLUTES | ||
| Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering | ||
| Article 6, Volume 27, Issue 6, June 2002, Pages 4237-4248 PDF (3.02 M) | ||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/jssae.2002.255142 | ||
| Authors | ||
| t. S. AI-Salamah1; I. N. Nassar2 | ||
| 1Department of Soil and Water, College of Agriculture and Veterinary | ||
| 2Medicine, AI-Qassim, .King Saud University, Kingdom' of Saudi Arabia | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Unknown effects of 'surface/subsurface municipal garbage on interception, subsequent wash-off, and movement. of agrochemicals through soils are concerns. Calcium chloride movement as an analogous for a highly movable solute is monitored in a sandy soil collected from the College of Agricuaure and Veterinary Medicine King Farm at AI-Qassim province, Kinqdom of Saudi Arabia. The sandy soil was packed uniformly in PVC columns. at. bulk density of 1.65 g/cm3. The height and diameter of soil. column were 20.8 cm and 8.6·cm, respectively. The municipal garbage was applied to the soil columns using five strategies: three levels of the municipal garbage at the top of soil column (G.D" g, 49 9 and 60 g), and two levels was mixed in the upper 10-cm layer (40 and 60 g) .. Calcium chloride solution 'Of 96.4 meq/l was applied at the top of each soil column using a 1.5-cm constant water pressure head. An effluent of each column was collected periodically. The effluents were analyzed for the EC which gives the con_centration of calcium chloride in meq/1. The concentration distribution of ions in the .effluent was described using. the. computer program of CXTFIT for the first three ' .. strategies of' garbagEl applications. the dispersion coefficient, D, and the mean pore water velocity, p, were ~~lcUla~ed u~ing i'he comp~ter program. In' general, The program described more' than 98% of the variations in the effluent concentrations of the CaCI2. The variations in D and V were not significant at 5 % level for the first three applications strategies. So, there is no effecUor the first three application strategies on the movement of CaCb in the used soil. The pore volume at 50% effluent CaCI2 concentration was calculated for garbage application strategies. The CaCI2 was moving more slowly when 60 g of the garbage was mixed in the upper 10-cm layer in comparison to either application strategy. There were significant differences in the pore volume between the fifth application (60 g mixed) and either application. But the difference in the pore volume among the first four application strategies was not significant. So, to delay the appearance of the movable solutes in effluent, it is recommended to mix high organic residue in the upper soil layer. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| municipal garbage; application strategies; mean pore water velocity; dispersion coefficient | ||
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