Breeding studies on wheat for yield and leaf rust resistance . | ||
| Menoufia Journal of Plant Production | ||
| Article 1, Volume 7, Issue 5, August 2022, Pages 113-114 PDF (201.2 K) | ||
| Document Type: original papers | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/mjppf.2022.258791 | ||
| Authors | ||
| H. A. Dawwam1; W. M. El Orabi2; Marwa M. El-Nahas1; M. S. Abd-El Aal3 | ||
| 1Prof. of Crop Science, Fac. of Agric., Menoufia Univ. | ||
| 2Prof. wheat diseases research, Agricultural Research Center. | ||
| 3Assitant prof. of Crop Science, Fac. of Agric., Menoufia Univ. | ||
| Abstract | ||
| 1) Genotypes, parents and the resultant fifteen crosses mean squares were found to be highly significant for all traits studied in F1 and F2 generation in the two experiments. 2) Parent vs. crosses mean squares as an indication to average heterosis over all crosses were found to be highly significant for all traits studied expect for the number of spikes per plant under infected and number of spikes per plant and number of spikelets per main spike under normal conditions in both the F1 and F2 generation, respectively. 3) Means value were less under infected than under normal condition in both generations studied for grain yield per main spike, number of grains per spike, grain yield per spike, 1000-grain weight and grain yield per plant. 4) Variance of general combining ability was found to be highly significant for all traits studied except, number of spikes per plant for F1 generation under both experiments. While, it was not significant under normal condition in F2 generation. 5) The GCA/SCA ratio was higher in F2 generation than F1 hybrids for all studied traits revealed that additive and additive × additive types of gene action were increase and the non-additive genetic variance were decrease in F2 generation. 6) The parental variety Shandaweel-1 proved to be good general combiner in number of grains per main spike, grain yield per main spike, number of grains per spike, grain yield per spike and grain yield per plant for F1 hybrid and F2 generation. Also, Giza-171 was good general combiner in heading date, grain yield per main spike and number of grains per spike for F1hybrid, in addition to, number of spikelets per main spike, 1000-grain weight and grain yield per plant for F2 generation under infected with leaf rust. 7) The most desirable SCA effects for grain yield per plant were detected by the seven hybrids i.e. Shandaweel-1 × Giza-171, Shandaweel-1 × Misr-3, Giza-171× Misr-3, Misr-3 × Sakha-95, Sakha-95 × Sids-1, Sakha-95 × Morocco and Sids-1 × Morocco. 8) Desirable and significant useful heterosis for grain yield per plant was detected in all 15 F1's under both experiments, where ranged from 10.56% to 48.30% and 4.81% to 52.35% in normal and infected with leaf rust, respectively. In F2 generation, decreased heterosis values for most hybrids indication of occurrence segregations. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Bread wheat; Diallel; Combining ability; Heterosis; Molecular markers | ||
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