دور الاستراتيجيات الاتصالية للحملات الإعلامية الرقمية لوزارة الصحة في التوعية بفحوصات الصحة الإنجابية وعلاقتها بمدى تقبل الأطفال ذوي الإعاقة

- Newman Karan , Judith F. Helzner (1999) “ IPPF Charter on Sexual and Reproductive Rights , Journal of Women’s Health and Gender Based Medicine , Vol. 8 , Issue 4 , pp. 459-463.

- Haberland Nicole , Diana Measham (eds) (2002) “ Responding to Cairo: Case Studies of Changing Practice in Reproductive Health and Family Planning , New York: Population Council. 

- https://news.un.org/ar/

 -  Meijer Roel (2005) “Taking the Islamist Social Movement Seriously: Social Movement theory and the Islamist Movement “International Journal of Social History, Vol.50, No.2, pp.279-292.

- Dassa, M. (2018). al'iielam altarbawii watathiruh ealaa altanshiat aliajtimaeiat liltifl aljazayirii (Aljazayar: jamieat Alearabii bn Mahidi 'Om Albawaqi).

- World Bank (2016) “The Little Data book on Information and communication Technology, World Bank Washington DC.

-  Free C., Phillips G., et. al., (2013)” The Effectiveness of M-Health Technologies to Improve Health Care Service Delivery Processes: A Systematic Review and Meta – Analysis, Plos Medicine, Vol. 10, http://doi.org/.

- Briscoe C., Aboud F.,(2012)” Behavior Change Communication Targeting Four Health Behaviors in Developing countries: A Review of change Techniques , Social Science & Medicine , Vol.75 , pp.612-621, http://doi.org/.  

- Leopold Ouedraogo (2021)” Research Priorities for m Health and Innovative Strategies in Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights in the WHO Africa Region , Advances in Reproductive Sciences , Vol.9 , No. 1 , www.scirp.org/. 

- Kyungeui Hong et. al.(2010)” Determinants of customers’ intention to participate in Korean restaurant health promotion program: an application of the theory of planned behavior , Health Promotion International ,Vol. 25 , Issue 2 , p.181.

- Kumi Ishii , Mary Madison Lyons, Sabrina A. Carr(2019)” Revisiting media richness theory for today and future , Human Behavior and Emerging Technologies, Vol.1 , Issue 2 ,pp.124-131, www.researchgate.net/.  

-J. D’Ambra (1994)” Voice mail and media richness theory –a longitudinal study, Conference: Professional communication conference, IPCC 94 proceedings. Scaling New Heights in Technical Communiction,www.researchgate.net/ 

-  Salleh N. A. M., Moghavvemi (2014)” Media Richness Theory for social media: research, Opportunities and challenges In: Sulaiman A., Naqshbandi M. M. (2014) “Social media: Dynamism, Issues and Challenges (England: Partridge Publishing Singapore) pp.124-125. 

-  Mohammed A. Bindress et.al.(2014) “Re-Evaluating Media Richness Theory in software development settings , Journal of Computer and Communications , Vol. 2 , Issue 2 , pp.37-51. 

-  Joseph S. Valacich et. al. (1994)” Extensions to Media Richness Theory: A test of the task-media fit Hypothesis, System Sciences: Proceeding of the twenty-seventh, Hawaii International Conference on Vol.4.   

-  Alan R. Dennis, Susan T. Kinney (1998)” Testing media richness theory in the new media: The effect of cues, feedback and task equivocality, Information Systems Research, Vol.9, No. 3, pp.219-301.    

-  Chan M., Li X.(2020)” Smartphones and Psychological well-being in China: Examining direct and indirect relationships through social support and relationship satisfaction ,Telematics and Informatics , Vol. 54 ,p.3.

- Joseph Schmitz , Janet Fulk (1991)” Organizational Colleagues , Media Richness and Electronic Mail , A test of the social influence model of technology use , Communication Research , Vol.18 , No.4 , p.488.

-  A. Tsadima et.al.(2012)” Integrating media richness theory and learning styles: A proposed theoretical framework , EDULEARN 12 proceeding , Cultural informatics laboratory.

- Altaayy, A. (2019). alwaey bialfahs altibiyi wadawrih fi alsihat al'iinjabiati: dirasat maydaniat liltaalibat aljamieiaat almutazawijat fi jamieat alshaariqat, majalat jamieat Alshaariqa lileulum al'iinsaniat walaijtimaeiati, 2(4).

- Mahmud, A. (2007). muqadimat ealam alsukaan, ta1 (Tarabulus: almaktab alwataniu lilbahth waltatwiri).

- Addio A., Ercole M.(2005)” Trends determinants of fertility rats of OECD countries: the role of policies and population, Egypt.

-Abu alhamayil, A. (2010). faeaaliat barnamaj muqtarah litanmiat alwaey bialsihat al'iinjabiat ladaa tulaab jamieat Almalik Abd Aleaziz, majalat mustaqbal altarbiat alearabiati, 17(2), 235/236.

-Alqudaat, A. (2003). risaluh 'iilaa alshababi: alfahs altibiyu qabl alzawaj darurat 'um tarafu, (Al'urdun: eaman, jameiat Aleafaf alkhayriati).

-Abd Aljawad, M. (2009), ealam ajtimae alsukaan (Al'urdun: Amman, dar Almasirat lilnashr waltawzie).

 -  Cliquet Robert , Kristiann Thienpont (1995) “ Population and development: A Message from the Cairo Conference , Dordrecht , Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publishers.

-  Andrzej Kulczychi (1999) “The Abortion Debate in the World Arena (London: Macmillan).

 - Beachamp Tom L., James F., Childress (2001) “Principles of Biomedical Ethics , New York (Oxford: University Press ) Mappes Thomas A., David Degrazia (2005) “ Biomedical Ethics (New York: Mc Graw- Hill) Cook Rebbecca J., et.al(2003) “ Reproductive Health and Human Rights: Integrating Medicine , Ethics and Law (New York: Oxford University Press ) 

- Strecher V.J., Rosenstock I.M.(1997) “ The Health Belief Model. In Health behavior and Health Education: Theory , Research and Practice 2nd edn ( Glan Z. K., Lewis F.M., Rimer B. K., eds ) Jossey – Bass , Sanfrancisco. pp. 41-59.  

 -  Rosenstock I. M., Kirscht J. P., (1974) “ Practice implications. Health Education Monographs Vol. 2 , pp.470-473 , Rosenstock I. M.(1974a) “ Historical Origins of the Health Belief Model , Health Education Monographs , Vol.2 , pp.328-335. 

-  Rosenstock I. M. (1974b) “ The Health Belief Model and preventive health behavior , Health Education Monographs , pp.354-386.  

-Taylur, S. (2008). ealm alnafs alsihiyi ( tarjamatu: Wisam Darwish Brik, Fawzi Dawd) (al'urdunu: jamieat Aman Al'ahlia)

Kamal M. et al.,(2017) “ Application of Health Belief Model for Hygienic Behavior of Mothers of Hospitalized Children in Alexandria , Journal of High Institute of Public Health , Vol.47 , Issue 1. pp.13-21.

-  Kirscht J. P.(1974a)” Research Related to the modification of health beliefs , Health Education Monographs , Vol.2 , pp.455-469.  

-Bashir, K. (2016). almuetaqadat alsihiyat waealaqatuha bialaitijah nahw alsuluk alsihiyi ladaa murdi sharayin alqalb altaajiati, majalat dirasat nafsiatin, markaz albasirat lilbuhuth walaistisharat walkhadamat altaelimiati, 3(2).

 - Bartholomew L. Kay , et al.(2016) “ Planning Health Promotion programs: An Intervention Mapping Approach , 4th (new Jersey , Wiley Publishing Hoboken).   

-  Kirscht J. P.(1974b)” The Health Belief Model and illness behavior , Health Education Monographs , Vol.2 , pp. 387 – 408.    

- Rosenstock I. M.(1966) “ Why people use health services , Milbank Memorial Fund Quarterly , Vol.44 , pp.94-127.   

-  Laurel P. Gibson, BA, et al.(2021) “ Theory of Planned Behavior Analysis of Social Distancing During Covid 19 , Pandemic: Focusing on The Intention – Behavior Gap , Annals of Behavioral Medicine , Vol.55 , Issue 8 , pp.805.

-  Brietkop F. C. R.(2006) “ Perceived consequences of communicating organ donation wishes: An analysis of beliefs about defending one’s decision , Psychology and Health , Vol.21 , pp. 481-497. Radecki C., Jaccard J. (1999) “Signing an organ donor letter: the prediction of behavior from behavioral intentions, Journal of Applied Social Psychology, Vol. 29, pp.1833-1853.

-  Ajzen I., (1991) ““ Theory of planned behavior , Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes , Vol.50 , Issue 2, pp.179-211, Thomas J. Madden et al.(1992) “ A comparison of the Theory of Planned Behavior and the Theory of Reasoned Action , Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin , Vol. 18 , pp.3-9.

 -  Armitage C. J., Conner M.(2001b)” Social Cognitive determinants of blood donation , Journal of Applied Social Psychology ,Vol. 31, pp.1431-1457.

- Blondeau D. et.al.(2004)” Do ethical principles explain-moral norm ? A test for consent to organ donation, Journal of Applied Bio behavioral Research, Vol. 9 , pp.230-243.

- Piliavin J. A.(1990) “ Role identity and organ donation: some suggestions based on blood donation research , In J. shanteau , R. Harris (eds), organ donation and transplantation: Psychological and behavioral factors , Washington DC: American Psychological Association , pp.150-158.

- Radecki C. , Jaccard J. (1997)” Psychological aspects of organ donation: A Critical review and Synthesis of individual and next-of- kin donation decisions , Health Psychology, Vol. 16, pp.183-195.

- Skowronski J. (1997) “ On the psychology of organ donation: Attitudinal and situational factors related to the willingness to be an organ donor , Basic and Applied Social Psychology , Vol. 19 , pp.427-456.

- Godin G., Conner M., Sheeran P.(2005) “ Bridging the intention –behavior “gap”: the role of moral norm , British Journal of Social Psychology , Vol. 44, pp.497-512.

-  Ajzen I., KulL J., Beckman J. (1985) “ From Intentions to Actions: A Theory of Planned Behavior in Action Control From Cognition to Behavior , (New York: Berlin Heidelberg , www.springer.com, Ajzen I., (1991) “ The Theory of Planned Behavior , Op. Cit., Ajzen I.(2001) “ Nature and Operation of Attitudes , Annual Review of Psychology. Vol. 52 , pp. 27-58. Ajzen I., (2006) “ Perceived Behavioral control , Self – Efficacy , locus of control and the theory of planned behavior , Journal of Applied Social Psychology , Vol.32 , Issue 4, 665-683.

- Armitage C. J., Conner M. (2001a) “ Efficacy of the Theory of Planned Behavior: A meta –analytic review , British Journal of Social Psychology , Vol. 40 , pp. 471-499.

-  Fogli –Cawley et al.(2007) “ The 2005 dietary guidelines for Americans and resistance in the Framingham off Spring Cohort , Diabetes Care , Vol. 30 , pp.817-822

-Dynesen A. W. et al.(2000) “ Socio demographic differences in dietary habits described by food Frequency questions: results from Denmark , European Journal of Clinical Nutrition , Vol. 57 , pp.1586-1597 

- Ball K. et al.(2004) “ How Well Do Australian Women comply with dietary guide lines ? Public Health Nutrition, Vol.7, pp.443-452 , Andrykowski M. A., et al.(2005) “ Application of The Theory of Planned Behavior to understand intentions to engage in physical and psycho social health behaviors after cancer diagnosis , Psycho- Oncology , Vol. 15 , pp.759-771, Blue C. L. (2007) “Does the theory of planned behavior identify diabetes- related cognitions for intention to be physically active and eat a healthy diet ? Public Health Nursing , Vol. 24, pp.141-150.  

-  Melissa K. Hyde , Katherine M. Wite (2009)” To Be a donor or not to Be ? Applying an Extended Theory of Planned to predict posthumous organ donation intentions , Journal of Applied Social Psychology , Vol. 39 , Issue 4 , pp.880-900. 

-  Hubner G., Kaiser F. G.(2006) “ The moderating role of the attitude –subjective norms conflict on the link between moral norms and intention , European Psychologist , Vol. 11 , pp. 99-109.

- Stryker S.(1968) “ Identity Salience and role performance: the relevance of symbolic interaction theory for family research , Journal of Marriage and the family, pp.558-564.

-  Armitage C. J., Conner M. (2001a) “ Efficacy of the Theory of Planned Behavior ,Op. cit., Terry D. J., Hogg M. A., Wite K. M. (1999) “ The theory of planned behavior: self-identity , social identity and group norms , British Journal of Social Psychology , Vol. 28 , pp. 225-244.

-  Powpaka S. (1996)” Modeling organ donation behavior: A test of the theory of planned behavior model , Journal of Nonprofit and Public sector Marketing , Vol. 4 , Issue 3 , pp.33-62.

- Melissa K. Hyde, Katherine M. Wite (2009)” To Be a donor or not to Be? Op. cit., p.880-900.

-  Kyungeui Hong, et.al.(2010)” Determinants of customers’ intentions to participate in Korean restaurant health promotion program: An application of the theory of planned behavior , Health Promotion International , Vol. 25 , Issue 2 , p.181.

-  B. Grace, et. al.,(2022) “ The ABC of reproductive intentions: a mixed-methods study exploring the spectrum of attitudes towards family building , Human Reproduction ,Vol. 37 , Issue 5 , pp.988-996.

-  Nurul Eko Widiyastuti , Miftahul Hakiki (2022)” Impact of Reproductive Health Education on Adolescent Knowledge and attitude about Healthy Reproductive Health , Jurnal Kebidanan Malahayati , Vol.8 , Issue 2 , pp.349-357. www.ejurnalmalahayati.ac.id/

- C. Bouclaous , A. Alkamand (2021)” Digital Health literacy and online information –seeking behavior of Lebanese University students , European Journal of Public Health , Vol.31 , Issue supplement_3.

- Leopold Ouedraogo (2021)” Research Priorities for m Health and Innovative Strategies in Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights in the WHO Africa Region , Op. Cit.,

-Kasem, H. (2021), almutaghayirat al'iielamiat almuathirat fi almaerifat alsihiyat ladaa tulaab aljamieat almisriati: jayihat kwrwna anmwdhjan, almajalat alearabiat libuhuth al'iielam walaitisali, jamieat Al'ahram Alkanadia,35(4).

- Mahmud, S. (2021). 'iishkaliaat watahadiyat altanawul al'iielamii lilshaan alsihiyi fi alealam alearabii, al'iielam walsihatu, aleadad 31(2).

-Abd Alnabi, M. (2021). ailtimas aljumhur almisrii lilmaelumat hawl alqadaya alsihiyat min albaramij altibiyat alhawariat waealaqatih bimustawaa alwaey ladayhim, almajalat alearabiat libuhuth al'iielam walaitisali, jamieat Al'ahram Alkanadiat, 35(4).

 - M. Papadakaki , M. Plevri , et. al. (2019)” Raising Young people’s awareness on Sexual and reproductive health issues , European Journal of Public Health , Vol. 29 , Issue supplement_3.

- Niyi Awofeso , Yunes Gaber , Moyosola Bamidele (2019) “ Determinants of Youth Engagement with Health Information on Social Media Platforms in United Arab Emirates , Health , Vol. 11 , No.2. www.scirp.org/.

-Salim, S. (2018). radi rashid hasan, kifayat manhaj altarbiat al'iielamiat alraqamiat min wijhat nazar 'asatidhat aljamieat aleiraqiiyna: dirasatan maydaniatan, majalat albahith al'iielamiu, jamieat Baghdad, kuliyat Al'iielam, 40(2).

 - Mare Knibbe , Marten de Vries , Klasien Horstman (2017) “ Responsible Use of media supports Critical Public Health Literacy , Journal of Public Health , Vol.39 , Issue 2 , pp.353-357.

- Albadrani, F. (2016). altarbiat al'iielamiat walraqamiat watahqiq almujtamae almaerifii, majalat almustaqbal alearabii, Lubnan, markaz dirasat alwahdat alearabiati, 452(2).

-Muhamad, A. (2015). altarbiat al'iielamiat nahw madamin mawaqie alshabakat alaijtimaeiati, namudhaj muqtarah litanmiat almasyuwliat alaijtimaeiat ladaa tulaab aljamieati, almajalat alearabiat libuhuth al'iielam walaitisali, jamieat Al'ahram Alkanadia, 8(1).

 - Ruchi Sogarwal, Murari Chandra, Sunil Mehra (2013) “ Youth Friendly services and role of outreach activities to improve access to services , Journal of Preventive Medicine , Vol. 3 , No. 2 , pp.191-198.

- Amnuay Kebayoon et.al.,(2022) “ War , Life ,Health Care and Reproductive Health , Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics, https://doi.org/10.1007/

-  Claudia Massarotti , et. al. (2022)” The Y’-advanced paternal age from a global health perspective, Human Reproduction, Vol.37, Issue 1 , pp.195-197.

- Michele Boiani et. al., (2022)” A reproductive science perspective: deliberations on the stem cell guide lines up date , Molecular Human Reproduction , Vol.28 , Issue 4.

-  B. Grace, J. Shawe , J. Stephenson (2021)” It’s a bigger deal for “ Understanding difference in partner involvement in reproductive health decision – making” Human Reproductive , Vol.36 , Issue supplement(1).

- Alicia M. Paul (2021)” Experiences of siblings of people with intellectual disabilities: Multiregional perspectives, Family Relations, Early View.

-  Camila Sabat et. al.,(2021)” Parental styles and attitudes of fathers of children and adolescents with intellectual disability: Do parental styles and attitudes impact children’s adaptive behavior ? Journal of Applied Research in intellectual Disabilities. Vol. 34, Issue 6.

- Renee A. Hepperlen et. al.(2021)” Using community –based interventions to reduce public stigma of children with disabilities: A feasibility study , Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities , Vol. 34 , Issue 6.

- Kavya P. Sonali Daniel , et. al. (2020)” Effectiveness of Pear- led Intervention on KAP Related to sexual Reproductive and Mental Health Issues among Adolescents in Low Resource Setting India: A comparative study among participants and Non- participants , Health , Vol. 12 , No. 9 , pp.1151-1168 , www.scrip.org/.

- Martin Pinquart (2019) “ Depressive Symptoms in parents of children with chronic health conditions: A Meta- Analysis , Journal of Pediatric Psychology , Vol. 44 , Issue 2 , pp. 139-149.

 - Nicola Jane Williams (2017)” )” Harms to “Others” and the selection Against Disability View, the Journal of Medicine and Philosophy: A Forum for Bioethics and Philosophy of Medicine, Vol. 42, Issue 2 , pp.153-154.

-Aleazaawi, R. (2007).  muqadimat fi manhaj albahth aleilmii (Al'urdun: dar Aldijlat, 2007) s 98, Marwan eabd almajid Abrahim, 'asas albahth aleilmii li'iiedad alrasayil aljamieia (Amman: muasasat Alwaraqi) .

-Al-Lahlah, A. (2002). mustafaa mahmud 'abu bakr, albahth alealmia: taerifuhu, khatuatihi, manahijuhu, almafahim al'iihsayiya (Al'iiskandaria: aldaar aljamieiati).

 -  www.masrawy.com/

-Abd Alkirim, M. (2014). almafahim alhadithat lil'iielam waliatisali, ti1 (Lubnan: dar Alnahdat alearabiati).

-Assran, S. (2005) takhtit watanfidh alhamalat al'iielamiati, majalat alfani al'iidhaeii, atihad alezaa waltilifizyun Almisrii, 179(2).

 - Kyungeui Hong , et.,al.(2010)” Determinants of Customers’ intention to participate in Korean restaurant health promotion program:an application of the theory of planned behavior , Health Promotion International ,Vol. 25 , Issue 2 ,p.181.

 - Debashish Mandal , Robert JMC Queen (2013)” Extending Media Richness Theory to explain social media adoption by micro businesses “ , Journal Tekura kete Aronui , Vol.5 , p.4

- Yun Haejung et. al.,(2009)” Testing the Task-Media Fit: The Effects of Task Equivocality on Social Presence of mobile video – Mediated Communication. AMCIS Proceeding ,p.2.

-  Spencer H. Harrison , Karyn Dossinger (2018): Pliable Guidance A Multilevel Model of Curiosity , Feedback Seeking and Feedback Giving in Creative work , Academy of Management Journal , Vol. 60 , No.6.

-  Irem Sevinc , John D’Ambra(2004)” Extending Media Richness Theory:The influence of a shared social construction , Conference: Proceedings of the Bth European Conference on information systems , The European AIS profession in the Global Networking Environment , ECIS , Turku ,Finland June 14-16.

-  Lan , Yu-Feng &Sie , Yang –Siang(2010)” Using RSS to support mobile learning based on media richness theory, computers & Education , Vol.55 , Issue 2 , pp.725.

 - Lemaire J.(2011)” Scaling up Mobile Health: Elements Necessary for the successful scale up of mHealth in Developing Countries ,Advanced Development for Africa,Geneva, Piette J. D., lunk C., et. al.(2012) “Impacts of e-Health on the out comes of care in low-and middle-in come countries: where do we go from here ? Bulletin of The World Health Organization, Vol. 90 , pp.365-372.

 - Gyasi et. al.,(2016)” Do Health beliefs explain Traditional medical therapies utilisation? Evidence from Ghana , Cogent Social Sciences , Vol. 2 , Issue 1, http://doi.org/

- Krishna et. al.(2020)” Knowledge and beliefs of general public of India on COVID 19: A web based Cross-Sectional Survey , medRxiv the preprint server for health sciences, http://doi.org/

- Kumi Ishii, Mary Madison Lyons, Sabrina A. Carr (2019)” Revisiting media richness theory for today and future , Human Behavior and Emerging Technologies, Vol.1 , Issue 2 ,pp.124. Lee , K. l. Danielle , Borah Porismita (2020) “Self – Presention on Instagram and friendship development among young adults: A moderated mediation model of media richness perceived functionality and openness , Computers in Human Behavior , Vol. 103 , Issue C, p.58.

 - Mare Knibbe , Marten de Vries , Klasien Horstman (2017) “Responsible Use of media supports Critical Public Health Literacy , Journal of Public Health , Vol.39 , Issue 2 , pp.353-357.

 - Melissak Hyde ,Katherine M. White (2009)” To Be a donor or not to Be ? Applying an Extended Theory of Planned to predict posthumous organ donation intentions , Journal of Applied Social Psychology , Vol. 39 , Issue 4 , pp.880-900.

 - Kyungeui Hong , et.,al.(2010)” Determinants of customers’ intentions to participate in Korean restaurant health promotion program: An application of the theory of planned behavior , Health Promotion International , Vol. 25 , Issue 2 , p.181.

 - B. Grace, J. Shawe , J. Stephenson (2021)” It’s a bigger deal for “ Understanding difference in partner involvement in reproductive health decision – making” Human Reproductive , Vol.36 , Issue supplement(1).

-Almashhadani, A. (2012). altasawurat alaijtimaeiat lilsihat walmardi: tahlil siuluji, majalat dirasat aijtimaeiati, , Bayt Alhikmat Iraq, 28(2), 47-48.

 - Nicola Jane Williams (2017)” Harms to “Others” and the selection Against Disability View, the Journal of Medicine and Philosophy: A Forum for Bioethics and Philosophy of Medicine, Vol. 42, Issue 2 , pp.153-154.

 - Charo A., Rothenburg K. H.(1994)” The good mother: the limits of reproductive accountability and genetic choice, In Women and Parental Testing: Facing the challenges of genetic technology ,(eds. K. H.Rothenburg and E., J.Thomson, Columbus: Ohio State University Press)p.105.

 - Parens E. Asch A.(1999)” The disability rights critique of parental genetic testing: Reflections and recommendations , Hastings Centre Report 29:S1-S22.

 - Hyun Kyoung Kim (2020)” Development and assessment of an instrument measuring environmental health perception and behavior toward reproductive health of female adolescents , Japan Journal of Nursing Science , Vol. 17 , Issue 3.Petal D. R. et. al.(2020)” Aclinical primer on intellectual disability , Translational Pediatrics,Vol.9(S1) pp.523-535. Iwases S. et. al(2017)” Epigenetic etiology of intellectual disability , The Journal of Neuroscience , Vol. 37 , Issue 45 , pp.10773-10782. Karam S. M. et. al. (2015)” Genetic Causes of intellectual disability in a birth cohort: A population –based study , American Journal of Medical Genetics, part A , Vol. 167 , Issue 6 , pp.1204-1214

 - Barker D. J. P., Osmond C., Winter P. D., et. al.,(1989)” Weight in Infancy and Death from ischaemic Heart Disease , The Lancet , Vol. 334 ,Issue 8663 , pp. 577-580.

-Aleasqalanii, H. (2006). altalkhis alhabir fi takhrij 'ahadith alraafieii alkabiri, ta2 (Alqahira: muasasat Qurtiba) 3/308.

-Ahmed, H. (2007), aitijah alshabab alearabii nahw 'ahamiyat alfahs altibiyi qabl alzawaj watasawur muqtarah likhidmat alfard limuajahatihi, majalat dirasat fi alkhidmat alaijtimaeiat waleulum al'iinsaniati, jamieat Hulwan, kuliyat alkhidmat alaijtimaeiati, 23(1).

-Alkhayry, T. (1430). tafeil altarbiat al'iielamiat fi almarhalat aljamieiat min wijhat nazar 'aeda' hayyat altadris fi aljamieat alsaeudiati, risalat dukturat ghayr manshura (jamieat Om Alquraa: kuliyat altarbiati).

-Muhamad, A. (2003), madkhal 'iilaa al'iieaqat alsameiati, silsilat 'iisdarat 'akadimiat altarbiat alkhasati, Alrayad.

 - Lowes L. , Lyne P.(2000)”Chronic Sorrow in parents of children with newly diagnosed diabetes: A review of the literature and discussion of the implications for nursing practice , Journal of Advanced Nursing , Vol. 32 , PP. 41-48.

 - Lawoko S., Soares J. J. F(2006)” Psychococial morbidity among parents of children with congenital heart disease: A prospective longitudinal study , Heart and Lung , Vol. 35 , pp.301-314.

 - Lazarus R., Struthers H., Violari A. (2009)” Hopes , Fears , Knowledge and misunderstandings: Responses of HIV ,positive mothers to early knowledge of the status of their baby , AIDS care ,21, pp.329-334.

-Sulayman, K. (2017). faeaaliat barnamaj 'iirshadiun lilwalidayn liltaghalub ealaa rudud alfiel alsalbiat tujah wiladat tifl mueaq fkryan, majalat altarbiat alkhasat waltaahil, Masr, muasasat altarbiat alkhasat waltaahil, 16(4),  .

 - Seligman M., Darling R. B.(2017)” Ordinary Families , Special Children: A systems approach to childrenhood disability , 3rd ed , Guilford Press , www.guilford.com/. 

 - Girolametto L., Tannock R.(1994)”Correlates of directiveness in the interactions of fathers and mothers of children with developmental delays , Journal of Speech , Language Hearing Research, Vol.37, Issue 5, pp.1178-1191. 

 - Conrade G., Ho R.(2001)”Differential parenting styles for fathers and mothers , Australian Journal of Psychology , Vol. 53, Issue 1, pp.29-35. 

 -  Defalco S., et. al.(2009)” Mother-child and Father-child emotional availability in families of children with down syndrome , Parenting , Vol. 9 Issue 3-4, pp.198-215, Green S., Baker B. L.(2011)”Parents’ emotion expression as a predictor of child’s social competence: children with or without intellectual disability , Journal of Intellectual Disability Research , Vol.55 , Issue 3. Pp.324-338.

 -  Ditchman N. et al.(2013)” Stigma and intellectual disability: potential application of mental illness research , Rehabilitation Psychology ,Vol. 58 , Issue 2 , p. 206.Werner S., Scior K.(2016) “ Interventions aimed at tackling intellectual disability stigma: what works and what still needs to be done in K. Scior , S. Werner (eds) , Intellectual Disability and Stigma: Stepping out from the Margins, Palgrave, pp.129-147.

 -  Bos A. E., et. al.(2013)” Stigma: Advances in theory and research , Basic and Applied Social Psychology , Vol. 35 , Issue 1, pp. 1-9.

 -  Renee A. Happelen et. al..(2021)” )” Using community –based interventions to reduce public stigma of children with disabilities: A feasibility study , Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities , Vol. 34 , Issue 6 , p.1499.

-Sabah, A. (2018). hubish bashir, 'athar al'iieaqat ealaa al'usrat bayn alsalbiat wal'iijabiati: dirasat maydaniat ealaa 'usr almueaqin eqlyan, majalat dirasat aijtimaeiatin, markaz albahth fi aleulum al'iislamiat walhadarat bi Al'aghwat, 2(1).

 - Reichman,et. al.,(2008)” Impact of child disability on the family” Maternal and Child Health Journal , Vol. 12 , Issue 6 p.679.

 -  R. Hassall, et. al.,(2005) “ Parenting stress in mothers of children with an intellectual disability: the effects of parental cognitions in relation to child characteristics and family support “ Journal of intellectual Disability Research , Vol.49 , Issue 6, p.405 , Lopez Vicki , et. al.,(2008)”Parental Stress and Coping in families of children with and without developmental delays , Journal on Developmental Disabilities , Vol. 14 , Issue 2 , p. 99.

 -  Pelleboer-Gunnink et. al.,(2019)” Public Stigmatisation of people with intellectual disabilities: A mixed – method population survey into stereotypes and their relationship with familiarity and discrimination, Disability and Rehabilitation, Vol. 43 , pp.489-497.

 -  Mckenzie J. A.(2013)” Intellectual disability in A frica: Implications for research and service development , Disability and Rehabilitation , Vol. 35 , Issue 20 , pp.1750-1755.

 -  Pelleboer-Gunnink et. al.,(2019)”Public Stigmatisation of people with intellectual disabilities: Op. Cit.,

 -  Marcell A. V., Burstein G. R.(2017)” A dolescence Co. Sexual and reproductive health care services in the pediatric setting ,Pediatrics , Vol.140, Issue 5 , https://doi.org/

 -  Dube H., Sharma K. (2017) “ Knowledge Attitude and Practice Regarding Reproductive Health among urban and Rural Girls: A comparative Study , Studies on Ethno-Medicine ,Vol. 6 (2c) pp.85-94.

 -  Andrzej Kulczycki (2007)” Ethics , Ideology and Reproductive Health Policy in The United States , Studies in Family Planning , Vol. 38 , Issue 4 , pp.333-351.

 -  Piliavin J. A.(1990) “Role identity and organ donation: some suggestions based on blood donation research , In J. shanteau , R. Harris (eds), organ donation and transplantation: Psychological and behavioral factors , Washington DC: American Psychological Association , pp.150-158 . Melissak Hyde ,Katherine M. White (2009)” To be a donor or not to be ?Op.Cit., p.880-900.

 - Nicola Jane Williams (2017)” Harms to “Others” and the selection Against Disability View, Op. Cit., p.155.

 - Conner M., Norman P.(2001)” Health behavior:In D. W. Johnston , M. Johnston (eds) Health Psychology (Amsterdam: Elsevier ) pp.1-37.

 -Ahmad, H. (2008), khalid muhamad alqadi, huquq altifl fi alsharieat al'iislamiat walmawathiq alduwliat waltashrieat alwatania (Alqahira: Alhayyat Almisriat aleamat lilkitabi).

 - https://www.cc.gov.eg/

- Nicola Jane Williams (2017)” Harms to “Others” and the selection Against Disability View, Op. Cit., p.155.

- Parliament of The United Kigdom (2008)” Human Fertilisation and Embryology Act 2008. On line available: http://www.legislation.gov.uk/.

- www.gate.ahram.org.eg/