Essa, M., H. E., A., A. I., N., M. S., G. (2022). An Eco-Friendly Tanning by Aromatic Sulphonic Acids for Enhancing Chrome Absorption and Reducing the Negative Impact on Environment. test, 47(1), 25-34. doi: 10.21608/ajar.2022.266074
Mahmoud Essa; Ali H. E.; Nasr A. I.; Ghaly M. S.. "An Eco-Friendly Tanning by Aromatic Sulphonic Acids for Enhancing Chrome Absorption and Reducing the Negative Impact on Environment". test, 47, 1, 2022, 25-34. doi: 10.21608/ajar.2022.266074
Essa, M., H. E., A., A. I., N., M. S., G. (2022). 'An Eco-Friendly Tanning by Aromatic Sulphonic Acids for Enhancing Chrome Absorption and Reducing the Negative Impact on Environment', test, 47(1), pp. 25-34. doi: 10.21608/ajar.2022.266074
Essa, M., H. E., A., A. I., N., M. S., G. An Eco-Friendly Tanning by Aromatic Sulphonic Acids for Enhancing Chrome Absorption and Reducing the Negative Impact on Environment. test, 2022; 47(1): 25-34. doi: 10.21608/ajar.2022.266074

An Eco-Friendly Tanning by Aromatic Sulphonic Acids for Enhancing Chrome Absorption and Reducing the Negative Impact on Environment

Al-Azhar Journal of Agricultural Research
Article 4, Volume 47, Issue 1, June 2022, Pages 25-34    PDF (895.73 K)
Document Type: Original Article
DOI: 10.21608/ajar.2022.266074
Authors
Mahmoud Essa* 1; Ali H. E.2; Nasr A. I.2; Ghaly M. S.2
1Department of Wool Production and Technology, Desert Research Center, El Matareya, Cairo, Egypt
2Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
Abstract
This study was carried out for reducing the environmental effects of chromium and sodium chloride resulting in leather tanning process through salt-free pickling, which is considered as the most important way in reducing pollution of sodium chloride in process of chrome tanning. Two aromatic sulphonic acids (naphthalene sulphonic acid and phenol sulphonic acid) were prepared by sulphonation reaction. Thirty sheep pelts were used in tanning process and divided into ten groups where each group contains three pelts. Group 1 was tanned by traditional method as a control group. While the other groups tanned with prepared aromatic sulphonic acids and sulphonic acid in concentrations (2, 3 and 4%) from bating weight. The results showed that salt free pickling acids have ability to reduce total dissolved solids (TDS), chloride content and chemical oxygen demand (COD) compared to traditional method. Also, results indicated that utilization of sulphonic acid with concentration (4%) enhanced chrome exhaustion from 79.62% to 90.10% and reduced Cr (III) in spent liquor from 6.63% to 2.83%. It had no bad influence on the quality of the finished leather as well and was suitable for using in leather manufacturing.
Keywords
Salt-free pickling; Chrome tanning; Chemical oxygen demand (COD); Naphthalene Sulphonic; sulphonic acid; Total dissolved solids (TDS)
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