Abdallah, A., Abdel Wahed, H., Ezzat, A., Ibrahim Khalifa, H. (2022). Evaluation of Psychological and Sexual Effects of Female Genital Mutilation (Circumcision). test, 3(4), 262-273. doi: 10.21608/ejmr.2022.122055.1201
Amal Kotb Abdallah; Hamada Asry Abdel Wahed; Ahmed Abdelaziz Ezzat; Heba Ahmed Ibrahim Khalifa. "Evaluation of Psychological and Sexual Effects of Female Genital Mutilation (Circumcision)". test, 3, 4, 2022, 262-273. doi: 10.21608/ejmr.2022.122055.1201
Abdallah, A., Abdel Wahed, H., Ezzat, A., Ibrahim Khalifa, H. (2022). 'Evaluation of Psychological and Sexual Effects of Female Genital Mutilation (Circumcision)', test, 3(4), pp. 262-273. doi: 10.21608/ejmr.2022.122055.1201
Abdallah, A., Abdel Wahed, H., Ezzat, A., Ibrahim Khalifa, H. Evaluation of Psychological and Sexual Effects of Female Genital Mutilation (Circumcision). test, 2022; 3(4): 262-273. doi: 10.21608/ejmr.2022.122055.1201

Evaluation of Psychological and Sexual Effects of Female Genital Mutilation (Circumcision)

Egyptian Journal of Medical Research
Volume 3, Issue 4, October 2022, Pages 262-273    PDF (465.45 K)
Document Type: Original Article
DOI: 10.21608/ejmr.2022.122055.1201
Authors
Amal Kotb Abdallah1; Hamada Asry Abdel Wahed1; Ahmed Abdelaziz Ezzat2; Heba Ahmed Ibrahim Khalifa* 1
1Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Egypt
2Psychiatry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Egypt
Abstract
The aim of the present study is to evaluate sexual and psychological effects of female genital mutilation (circumcisin ). This was a case control and comparative study that was conducted at obstetrics and gynecology outpatient clinic at Beni-Suef University Hospital, Beni-Suef, Egypt. This study included 96 sexually active females who were classified into two groups: Group (1): Included 48 sexually active who were subjected to FGM/C, and Group (2): Included 48 sexually active who weren’t subjected to FGM/C. The females within the two groups showed significant difference in their satisfaction with the process and subsequently in their future decision in performing circumcision for their daughters. Female genital mutilation (FGM) didn’t affect the overall sexual functions as assessed by Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) questionnaire except for the lubrication and orgasm domains. . We concluded that Female genital mutilation (circumcision) (FGM/c) is still common in Egypt inspite of efforts for panning of the process. Female genital mutilation (FGM) didn’t reveal a significant effect on the development of anxiety and depression.
Keywords
Psychological Effects; Sexual Effects; Female Genital Mutilation; Circumcision
References
  1. Ismail, S. A., Abbas, A. M., Habib, D., Morsy, H., Saleh, M. A., & Bahloul, M. (2017). Effect of female genital mutilation/cutting; types I and II on sexual function: case-controlled study. Reproductive health, 14(1), 1-6.‏
  2. Chinawa, A. T., Chinawa, J. M., Ossai, E. N., Aronu, A. E., Ozokoli, G. E., & Enebe, J. (2021). Pattern of Female Genital Mutilation among Adolescents Attending Secondary Schools’ in Enugu Metropolis. Journal of Tropical Pediatrics, 67(1), fmaa103.‏
  3. Obaid, Z. M., Amer, A. W. A., El Mahdy, M. A. F., & Mohammed, A. E. B. (2019). Evaluation of psychological and sexual effects of female genital mutilation (Circumcision). The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine, 74(4), 726-734.‏ Beck, A. T. , Steer, R. A. and Brown, G. K. (1996). Manual for the beck depression inventory-II. San Antonio, TX: Psychological Corporation, 1, 82.
  4. Ali, H. A. A. E. W., Arafa, A. E., Abd Allah, N. A. E. F., & Fahim, A. S. (2018). Prevalence of female circumcision among young women in Beni-Suef, Egypt: a cross-sectional study. Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology, 31(6), 571-574.‏
  5. Biglu, M.-H. , Farnam, A. and Abotalebi, P. (2017). Impact of Women Circumcision on Mental Health. International Journal of Psychological and Brain Sciences, 2(4), 100-105.
  6. De Schrijver, L. , Leye, E. and Merckx, M. (2016). A multidisciplinary approach to clitoral reconstruction after female genital mutilation: the crucial role of counselling. The European Journal of Contraception & Reproductive Health Care, 21(4), 269-275.Elnashar, A. and Abdelhady, R. (2007). The impact of female genital cutting on health of newly married women. International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics, 97(3), 238-244.
  7. Odukogbe, A. T. A., Afolabi, B. B., Bello, O. O., & Adeyanju, A. S. (2017). Female genital mutilation/cutting in Africa. Translational andrology and urology, 6(2), 138.‏.
  8. Sayed Ahmed, W. A., Kishk, E. A., Farhan, R. I., & Khamees, R. E. (2017). Female sexual function following different degrees of perineal tears. International Urogynecology Journal, 28(6), 917-921.‏
  9. Thompson, E. (2015). Hamilton rating scale for anxiety (HAM-A). Occup Med (Lond), 65(7), 601.‏.
  10. Saade, S., Hallit, S., Haddad, C., Hallit, R., Akel, M., Honein, K., ... & Obeid, S. (2019). Factors associated with restrained eating and validation of the Arabic version of the restrained eating scale among an adult representative sample of the Lebanese population: a cross-sectional study. Journal of eating disorders, 7(1), 1-13.‏
  11. Wang, Y. P., & Gorenstein, C. (2013). Psychometric properties of the Beck Depression Inventory-II: a comprehensive review. Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry, 35, 416-431.‏
  12. Fawzi, M., & Fawzi, M. (2018). Validation of an Arabic version of the Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0. Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal, 24(8).‏
  13. AlQuaiz, A. M., Kazi, A., Fouda, M., & Alyousefi, N. (2018). Age and gender differences in the prevalence and correlates of vitamin D deficiency. Archives of osteoporosis, 13(1), 1-11.‏
  14. Ismail, S. A., Abbas, A. M., Habib, D., Morsy, H., Saleh, M. A., & Bahloul, M. (2017). Effect of female genital mutilation/cutting; types I and II on sexual function: case-controlled study. Reproductive health, 14(1), 1-6.‏
  15. Obaid, Z. M., Amer, A. W. A., El Mahdy, M. A. F., & Mohammed, A. E. B. (2019). Evaluation of psychological and sexual effects of female genital mutilation (Circumcision). The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine, 74(4), 726-734.‏
  16. Biglu, M. H., Farnam, A., Abotalebi, P., Biglu, S., & Ghavami, M. (2016). Effect of female genital mutilation/cutting on sexual functions. Sexual & Reproductive Healthcare, 10, 3-8.‏
  17. Johnsdotter, S. (2018). The impact of migration on attitudes to female genital cutting and experiences of sexual dysfunction among migrant women with FGC. Current sexual health reports, 10(1), 18-24.‏
  18. Holmberg, M., Arver, S., & Dhejne, C. (2019). Supporting sexuality and improving sexual function in transgender persons. Nature Reviews Urology, 16(2), 121-139.‏
  19. Rouzi, A. A., Berg, R. C., Sahly, N., Alkafy, S., Alzaban, F., & Abduljabbar, H. (2017). Effects of female genital mutilation/cutting on the sexual function of Sudanese women: a cross-sectional study. American journal of obstetrics and gynecology, 217(1), 62-e1.‏
  20. Ahmed, M. R., Shaaban, M. M., Meky, H. K., Amin Arafa, M. E., Mohamed, T. Y., Gharib, W. F., & Ahmed, A. B. (2017). Psychological impact of female genital mutilation among adolescent Egyptian girls: a cross-sectional study. The European Journal of Contraception & Reproductive Health Care, 22(4), 280-285.‏
  21. Lever, H., Ottenheimer, D., Teysir, J., Singer, E., & Atkinson, H. G. (2019). Depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder and a history of pervasive gender-based violence among women asylum seekers who have undergone female genital mutilation/cutting: a retrospective case review. Journal of immigrant and minority health, 21(3), 483-489.‏
Statistics
Article View: 342
PDF Download: 263