Incidence, Bacterial causes and Antibiotic Resistance Patterns of Urinary Tract Infection in Pet Animals | ||
| Journal of Applied Veterinary Sciences | ||
| Article 6, Volume 8, Issue 2, April 2023, Pages 35-43 PDF (880.21 K) | ||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/javs.2023.179690.1199 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Hany AbdEl-Samiae Ataya1; Soliman M. Soliman2; Kaltham Ali Hussain kayaf3; Sherif Marouf* 4; Khaled Alamry4 | ||
| 1Post graduate student, microbiology department faculty of veterinary medicine Cairo university, Egypt | ||
| 2Department of Medicine and Infectious Disease, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University,Egypt | ||
| 3National laboratories, Ministry of climate change and environment, United Arab Emirates | ||
| 4Department of Pathology and Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt | ||
| Abstract | ||
| T The primary goal of the study was to determine the prevalence and various bacterial risks of lower urinary tract infections (UTI) in diseased and seemingly healthy pet animals with and without urine retention whether they were catheterized or not. The bacterial isolates were in vitro tested for their antibiotic resistance and antibiotic resistance genes were investigated. Between October 2020 and January 2022, 128 urine samples were randomly collected from pets recruited to veterinary hospitals and clinics in Cairo and Giza. Samples were cultivated for bacteriological isolation. Escherichia coli (E. coli), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Klebsiella spp. were found to be the most common bacterial causes of urinary tract infections in pets, with prevalence rates of 32.9%, 28%, and 19.5%, respectively followed by Proteus mirabilis (P. mirabilis) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) with incidences of 18.2% and 1.2%, respectively. Based on bacterial types and their virulence genes, antibiotic resistance and multi-drug resistance (MDR) behaviour varied. Epidemiology, diagnosis, and control of the urinary tract infection would benefit from the identification and characterization of isolated bacterial species. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Catheterization; E. coli; K. pneumoniae; Pet animals; P. mirabilis; S. aureus | ||
| References | ||
|
ADSANYCHAN, N., HOISANG, S., SEESUPA, S., KAMPA, N., KUNKITTI, P., and JITPEAN, S., 2019. Bacterial isolates and antimicrobial susceptibility in dogs with urinary tract infection in Thailand: A retrospective study between 2013–2017. Veterinary Integrative Sciences,17 (1),21–31. https://he02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/vis/article/view/136261
AMPHAIPHAN, C., YANO, T., SOM-IN, M., KUNGWONG, P., WONGSAWAN, K., PUSOONTHORNTHUM, R., SALMAN, M.D., and TANGTRONGSUP, S., 2021. Antimicrobial drug resistance profile of isolated bacteria in dogs and cats with urologic problems at Chiang Mai University Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Thailand (2012-2016). Zoonoses Public Health. 2021 Aug; 68 (5):452-463. https://doi.org/10.1111/zph.12832
BAGCIGIL, A.B., TAPONEN, S., KOORT, J., BENGTSSON, B., MYLLYNIEMI, A., and PYÖRÄLÄ, S., 2012. Genetic basis of penicillin resistance of S. aureus isolated in bovine mastitis. Acta Veterinaria Scandinavia 2012, 54:69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1751-0147-54-69
BAILIFF, N.L., WESTROPP, J.L., NELSON, R.W., SYKES, J.E., and OWENS, S.D., KASS, P.H., 2008. Evaluation of urine specific gravity and urine sediment as risk factors for urinary tract infections in cats. Vet Clin Pathol., 2008 Sep; 37(3):317-22.
BANU DOKUZEYLÜL1, BERENBAŞARAN KAHRAMAN, ALPER BAYRAKAL1, BELGIDIREN SIĞIRCI, BARAN ÇELIK, SERKAN IKIZ, ABDULLAH KAYAR1 AND ERMAN, M., 2015. Bacterial species isolated from cats with lower urinary tract infection and their susceptibilities to cefovecin.Irish Veterinary Journal, 68:2. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13620-015-0030-9
COLOM, K., PÈREZ, J., ALONSO, R., FERNÁNDEZ-ARANGUIZ, A., LARIŇO, E., and CISTERNA, R., 2003. Simple and reliable multiplex PCR assay for detection of blaTEM, blaSHV and blaOXA-1 genes in Enterobacteriaceae. FEMS Microbiology Letters 223 (2003) 147-151.
CRUICKSHANK, H.; DUGUID, J. P.; MARMOIN, B. P. and SWAIN, R. H. A., 1975. Medical Microbiology. 12th Ed., vol. II. Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh, London and New York.
DORSCH, R., VON VOPELIUS-FELDT, C., WOLF, G., STRAUBINGER, R.K., and HARTMANN, K., 2015. Feline urinary tract pathogens: prevalence of bacterial species and antimicrobial resistance over a 10-year period. Vet Rec. 2015 Feb 21; 176 (8):201.
DORSCH, R., ZELLNER, F., SCHULZ, B., SAUTER-LOUIS, C., and HARTMANN, K., 2016. Evaluation of meloxicam for the treatment of obstructive feline idiopathic cystitis. J Feline Med Surg. 2016 Nov; 18(11):925-933.
DORSCH, R., REMER, C., SAUTER-LOUIS, C. and HARTMANN, K., 2014. Feline lower urinary tract disease in a German cat population. A retrospective analysis of demographic data causes and clinical signs. Tierarztl. Prax. Ausg. K. Kleintiere Heimtiere 42, 231–239 (2014). http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1623769
EGGERTSDOTTIR, A. V., LUND, H. S., KRONTVEIT, R., and SORUM, H., 2007. Bacteriuria in cats with feline lower urinary tract disease: A clinical study of 134 cases in Norway. Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery, 9(6), 458– 465. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfms.2007.06.003
EWERS, C., LI, G, WILKING, H., KIEBLING, S., ALT, K., ANTÁO, E.M., LATURNUS, C., DIEHL, I.,GLODDE, S., HOMEIER, T, BÖHNKE, U., STEINRÜCK, H., PHILIPP, H.C., and WIELER, L.H., 2007. Avian pathogenic, uropathogenic, and newborn meningitis-causing Escherichia coli: How closely related are they?. International Journal of Medical Microbiology 297 (2007) 163–176.
FREITAG, T., SQUIRES, R.A., SCHMID, J., ELLIOTT, J., and RYCROFT, A. N., 2006. Antibiotic sensitivity profiles do not reliably distinguish relapsing or persisting infections from reinfections in cats with chronic renal failure and multiple diagnoses of Escherichia coli urinary tract infection. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, 20 (2), 245– 249.
GUYER, D.M., GUNTHE, R N.W., and MOBLEY, H.L., 2001. Review Secreted proteins and other features specific to uropathogenic Escherichia coli .J Infect Dis. 2001 Mar 1; 183 Suppl 1():S32-5.
HALL, J. L., HOLMES, M. A., and BAINES, S. J.,2013. Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of canine urinary tract pathogens. The Veterinary Record, 173(22),549. https://doi.org/10.1136/vr.101482
HERNANDO, E., VILA A., D'IPPOLITO, P., RICO, A.J., RODON, J., and ROURA, X., 2021. Prevalence and Characterization of Urinary Tract Infection in Owned Dogs and Cats from Spain. Top Companion Anim Med. 43:100512. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tcam.2021.100512
HILDE, MOYAERT, IAN MORRISSEY, ANNO DE JONG, FARID EL GARCH, ULRICH KLEIN, CAROLIN LUDWIG, JULIEN THIRY, and MYRIAMYOUALA, 2017. Antimicrobial Susceptibility Monitoring of Bacterial Pathogens Isolated from Urinary Tract Infections in Dogs and Cats Across Europe: ComPath Results.Microbial Drug Resistance 2017 23:3, 391-403
HOSTUTLER, RA., CHEW, DJ. and DIBARTOLA, SP., 2005. Recent concepts in feline lower urinary tract disease. Veterinary Clinics of North America. Small Ani. Pract. 1: 147-170
JONES, C., ALLSOPP, L., HORLICK, J., KULASEKARA, H., and FILLOUX, A., 2013. Subinhibitory Concentration of Kanamycin Induces the Pseudomonas aeruginosa type VI Secretion System. Antibiotic-Dependent Induction of the T6SS.8 (11), e81132.
LINDSAY, E. NICOLLE, BRADLEY, S., COLGAN, R., RICE, J.C., SCHAEFFER, A., and HOOTON, T.M., 2005. Infectious Diseases Society of America guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of asymptomatic bacteriuria in adults. Clin Infect Dis., 40 (2005), pp. 643-654.
LANE, M.C., and MOBLEY H.L., 2007. Review Role of P-fimbrial-mediated adherence in pyelonephritis and persistence of uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) in the mammalian kidney. Kidney Int. 2007 Jul; 72(1):19-25.
LEKCHAROENSUK, C., OSBORNE, C. A., and LULICH, J. P., 2001. Epidemiologic study of risk factors for lower urinary tract diseases in cats. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 218(9), 1429– 1435. https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.2001.218.1429
LING, G. V., NORRIS, C. R., FRANTI, C. E., EISELE, P. H., JOHNSON, D. L., RUBY, A. L., and JANG, S. S., 2001. Interrelations of organism prevalence, specimen collection method, and host age, sex, and breed among 8,354 canine urinary tract infections (1969–1995). Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, 15(4), 341– 347.
LITSTER, A., MOSS, S.M., HONNERY, M., REES, B., and TROTT, D.J., 2007. Prevalence of bacterial species in cats with clinical signs of lower urinary tract disease: recognition of Staphylococcus felis as a possible feline urinary tract pathogen. Vet Microbiol.121:182–8.
LITSTER, A., THOMPSON, M., MOSS, S., and TROTT, D., 2011. Feline bacterial urinary tract infections: an update on an evolving clinical problem. Vet J. 187:18–22.
LUTS, J. SCOTT WEESE, JOSEPH BLONDEAU, DAWN BOOTHE, LUCA G., GUARDABASSI, NIGEL GUMLEY, MARK PAPICH, LISBETH REM JESSEN, MICHAEL LAPPIN, SHELLEY RANKIN, JODI L. WESTROPP, and JANE SYKES, 2019. International Society for Companion Animal Infectious Diseases (ISCAID) guidelines for the diagnosis and management of bacterial urinary tract infections in dogs and cats. The Veterinary Journal, Volume 247,2019, Pages 825,.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tvjl.2019.02.008.
LUND, H.S., SKOGTUN, G., SORUM, H., ET AL., 2015. Antimicrobial susceptibility in bacterial isolates from Norwegian cats with lower urinary tract disease. J Feline Med Surg., 2015; 17: 507–515. https://doi.org/10.1177/1098612X14550171
MARQUES, C., GAMA, L.T., BELAS, A., BERGSTRÖM, K., BEURLET, S., BRIEND-MARCHAL, A., BROENS, E.M., COSTA, M., CRIEL, D., DAMBORG, P., VAN DIJK, M.A., VAN DONGEN, A.M., DORSCH, R., ESPADA, C.M., GERBER, B., KRITSEPI-KONSTANTINOU, M, LONCARIC, I, MION, D, MISIC, D, MOVILLA, R, OVERESCH, G., PERRETEN, V., ROURA, X., STEENBERGEN, J, TIMOFTE, D, WOLF, G, ZANONI, RG, SCHMITT, S., GUARDABASSI, L., and POMBA, C., 2016.European multicenter study on antimicrobial resistance in bacteria isolated from companion animal urinary tract infections. BMC Vet Res. 12(1):213. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-016-0840-3
MARTINEZ-RUZAFA, I., KRUGER, J. M., MILLER, R., SWENSON, C. L., BOLIN, C. A., and KANEENE, J. B., 2012. Clinical features and risk factors for development of urinary tract infections in cats.Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery,14 (10), 729–740. https://doi.org/10.1177/1098612X12451372
MASON, W.J., BLEVINS, J.S., BEENKEN, K., WIBOWO, N., OJHA, N., and SMELTZER, M.S., 2001. Multiplex PCR Protocol for the Diagnosis of Staphylococcal Infection. Journal of Clinical Microbiology, Vol. 39, No. 9, p. 3332–3338.
MEHROTRA, M., WANG, G., and, JOHNSON, W.M., 2000. Multiplex PCR for Detection of Genes for Staphylococcus aureus Enterotoxins, Exfoliative Toxins, Toxic Shock Syndrome Toxin 1, and Methicillin Resistance. Journal of Clinical Microbiology, Vol. 38, No. 3.
MOYAERT, H., MORRISSEY, I., DE JONG, A., EL GARCH, F., KLEIN, U., LUDWIG, C., THIRY, J., and YOUALA, M., 2017. Antimicrobial susceptibility monitoring of bacterial pathogens isolated from urinary tract infections in dogs and cats across Europe: ComPath results. Microb Drug Resist, 23(3), 391– 403. https://doi.org/10.1089/mdr.2016.0110
NCCLS (national Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards), 2002. performance standards of Antimicrobial Disks and Dilution Susceptability Tests for bacteria isolated from Animals. 2 nd Ed; Approved Standard. NCCLS document M13-A2. Wayne, PA 1898, 2002.
NORRIS, C. R., WILLIAMS, B. J., LING, G. V., FRANTI, C. E., JOHNSON, D. L., and RUBY, A. L., 2000. Recurrent and persistent urinary tract infections in dogs: 383 cases (1969–1995).Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association, 36 (6),484–492.https://doi.org/10.5326/15473317-36-6-484
OLIN, S. J., and BARTGES, J. W., 2015. Urinary tract infections: Treatment/comparative therapeutics. The Veterinary Clinics of North America. Small Animal Practice, 45 (4), 721– 746.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cvsm.2015.02.005
PATHIRANA, H.N.K.S., DE SILVA, B.C.J., WIMALASENA, S.H.M.P., HOSSAIN, S., and HEO, G.J., 2018. Comparison of virulence genes in Proteus species isolated from human and pet turtle. Iranian Journal of Veterinary Research, Shiraz University; 19-1(62):48-52.
POURMAND, M.R., YOUSEFI, M., SALAMI, S.A., and AMINI, M., 2014. Evaluation of Expression of NorA Efflux Pump in Ciprofloxacin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus against Hexahydroquinoline Derivative by Real-Time PCR. Acta Med Iran, 52(6):424-9.
RADOSTITS, O.M., MAYHEW, I. G., and HOUSTON, D.M., 2000. Veterinary Clinical Examination and Diagnosis. 2nd edition, W. B Saundas, London.
REINE, N.J., and LANGSTON, C.E., 2005. Urinalysis Interpretation: How to Squeeze out the Maximum Information from a Small Sample. Clin. Tech. in Samall Anim. Pract., 20: 2-10.
ROBICSEK, A., STRAHILEVITZ, J., JACOBY, G.A., MACIELAG, M., ABBANAT, D., PARK, C.H., BUSH, K., and HOOPER, D.C., 2006. Fluoroquinolone modifying enzyme: a new adaptation of a common aminoglycoside acetyltransferase. Nat Med 12:83-88.
SAEVIK, B. K., TRANGERUD, C., OTTESEN, N., SORUM, H., and EGGERTSDOTTIR, A. V., 2011. Causes of lower urinary tract disease in Norwegian cats. Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery, 13(6), 410– 417. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfms.2010.12.012
SÁNCHEZ, P., LINARES, J.F., RUIZ-DÍEZ, B., CAMPANARIO, S., NAVAS, A., BAQUERO, F., and MARTÍNEZ, J.L., 2002. Fitness of in vitro selected Pseudomonas aeruginosa nalB and nfxB multidrug resistant mutants. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy (2002) 50, 657–664.
TEICHMANN-KNORRN, S., REESE, S., WOLF G., HARTMANN, K., and DORSCH, R., 2018. Prevalence of feline urinary tract pathogens and antimicrobial resistance over five years. Vet Rec. 2018 Jul 7; 183(1):21.
VEJBORG, R.M., HANCOCK, V., SCHEMBRI, M.A., and KLEMM, P., 2011. Comparative genomics of Escherichia coli strains causing urinary tract infections. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2011 May; 77(10):3268-78.
WANG, X., LI, S., LU, X., HU, P., CHEN, H., LI, Z., BU, Z., LANG, X., and WANG, X., 2016. Rapid method of luxS and pfs gene inactivation in enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli and the effect on biofilm formation. Molecular Medicine Reports 13: 257-264.
WEESE, J. S., BLONDEAU, J., BOOTHE, D., GUARDABASSI, L. G., GUMLEY, N., PAPICH, M., JESSEN, L. R., LAPPIN, M., RANKIN, S., WESTROPP, J. L., and SYKES J., 2019. International Society for Companion Animal Infectious Diseases (ISCAID) guidelines for the diagnosis and management of bacterial urinary tract infections in dogs and cats. The Veterinary Journal, 247, 8– 25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tvjl.2019.02.008
YAGUCHI, K., OGITANI, T., OSAWA, R., KAWANO, M., KOKUMAI, N., KANESHIGE, T., NORO, T., MASUBUCHI, K., and SHIMIZU, Y., 2007. Virulence Factors of Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli Strains Isolated from Chickens with Colisepticemia in Japan. Avian Dis., 2007 Sep; 51(3):656-62.
YEH, K., KURUP, A., SIU, L.K., KOH, Y.L., FUNG, C., LIN, J., CHEN, T., CHANG, F., and KOH, T., 2007. Capsular Serotype K1 or K2, rather than magA and rmpA, Is a Major Virulence Determinant for Klebsiella pneumonia Liver Abscess in Singapore and Taiwan.
| ||
|
Statistics Article View: 702 PDF Download: 775 |
||
