How the Skin of Octopus vulgaris Makes the Animal Suitable for its Environment? | ||
| Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries | ||
| Article 34, Volume 27, Issue 1, January 2023, Pages 579-588 PDF (1.2 M) | ||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/ejabf.2023.289218 | ||
| Author | ||
| Ali Ali Abed Elrheem | ||
| Abstract | ||
| The skin of Cephalopods has special patterns or characteristics that make animals suitable and better for survival in their environment and transforms behavior from a simple manner to complex. All authors addressed Octopus respiration through the skin, without detecting evidence for this emphasis. In this study, the author found this evidence, indicating the presence of the organ responsible for this process. The author introduced evidence via an accurate examination of the whole skin, especially the upper eye area. The epidermis of an Octopus contains minute tubes (first record) in the mantle regions and pores; they may be used in extruding mucus outside the skin and breathing in unsuitable environmental conditions or during the attack of the crustaceans outside the water upon detection. The animal would survive outside the marine environment by breathing the air from the external environment; this is common in many marine species such as Hagfish. The skin of Octopus vulgaris has a special formation in the epidermis which is covered by mucus and numerous types of mucus cell secretions, followed by an extensive dermis, with connective tissue from the areolar type for trapping the air under unsuitable circumstances. The multicolored and multilayer (first record) chromophores are the major components for concealment and camouflage behavior to change skin color. In addition, the photoreceptor cell in the upper epidermis is not similar to the deep goblet cell (first record), the mucus layer for protecting the animals from dryness during the animal attacks against their prey outside the water column. The epidermis followed by the wide dermis contains the cuticle in the upper dermis, it is positive for PAS stain. In the dermis, there are iridophores, a network of collagen fibers, blood sinus and hyaline cartilage in the Octopus dermis, respectively. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Octopus vulgaris; Epidermis; Mucus layer; Dermis; Multilayer Chromophores; Sensory cell; Melanin cells; Hyaline cartilage | ||
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