Hamed, A., Ganeb, S., Abdel Azim, E., elsayed, M., Elbeshry, H. (2023). Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (OCTA) to Detect Retinal Alterations in patients Taking Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ). test, 40(Special issue (ophthalmology)), 39-47. doi: 10.21608/bmfj.2023.198370.1776
Ayman Hamed; Sahar Ganeb; Elham Abdel Azim; mohamed anany elsayed; Hend Osama Elbeshry. "Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (OCTA) to Detect Retinal Alterations in patients Taking Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ)". test, 40, Special issue (ophthalmology), 2023, 39-47. doi: 10.21608/bmfj.2023.198370.1776
Hamed, A., Ganeb, S., Abdel Azim, E., elsayed, M., Elbeshry, H. (2023). 'Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (OCTA) to Detect Retinal Alterations in patients Taking Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ)', test, 40(Special issue (ophthalmology)), pp. 39-47. doi: 10.21608/bmfj.2023.198370.1776
Hamed, A., Ganeb, S., Abdel Azim, E., elsayed, M., Elbeshry, H. Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (OCTA) to Detect Retinal Alterations in patients Taking Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ). test, 2023; 40(Special issue (ophthalmology)): 39-47. doi: 10.21608/bmfj.2023.198370.1776

Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (OCTA) to Detect Retinal Alterations in patients Taking Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ)

Benha Medical Journal
Article 4, Volume 40, Special issue (ophthalmology), November and December 2023, Pages 39-47    PDF (459.35 K)
Document Type: Original Article
DOI: 10.21608/bmfj.2023.198370.1776
Authors
Ayman Hamed1; Sahar Ganeb2; Elham Abdel Azim3; mohamed anany elsayed3; Hend Osama Elbeshry* 4
1Department of Ophthalmology, Benha Faculty of Medicine, Benha University
2Rheumatology, Rehabilitation, and Physical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University
3Department of Ophthalmology, Benha Faculty of Medicine, Benha University
4Ophthalmology Department, Benha Faculty Of Medicine, Benha University
Abstract
Background: Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) was widely used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. HCQ retinopathy, is a well-documented side effect of HCQ which could be investigated by Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).

Purpose: to detect retinal alterations in Rheumatoid arthritis patients taking hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) by OCTA and compare them with a control group.

Patients and methods: This prospective cross-sectional study included a total of 80 eyes, 40 eyes of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients taking HCQ and 40 eyes of normal healthy individuals with completely normal ophthalmological examination. The patients were further divided into high risk and low risk retinopathy groups according to duration of HCQ use. OCTA imaging was performed via Angiovue software.

Results: The patients' superior hemi, inferior hemi, and peri-fovea all showed noticeably decreased deep vascular density. (p < 0.05) . No significant differences were observed regarding vascular density in the fovea and para fovea. High risk patients demonstrated significantly lower superficial vascular density in whole image, superior hemi, para-fovea, and peri-fovea and also significantly lower deep vascular density in superior hemi and para fovea (p < 0.05). Duration of drug use showed significant negative correlations with superficial vascular density in whole image, superior hemi, para fovea and peri fovea also with deep vascular density in whole image, superior hemi, and peri fovea (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: OCTA could be a tool of value to detect retinal alterations in RA patients taking HCQ at the level of deep vascular density parameters in all patients and in superficial and deep vascular density in high-risk patients.
Keywords
hydroxychloroquine (HCQ); optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA); rheumatoid arthritis (RA)
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