Typical Reasons of the Degradation of Islamic Historical Structures and Its Surroundings and Proposals for Intervention: The Case of Queen Safiyya Mosque in Cairo الأسباب النمطية لتدهور المنشآت الأثرية الإسلامية ومحيطها ومقترحات التدخل للترميم والحفاظ: جامع الملکة صفية بالقاهرة نموذجاً | ||
| حولية الاتحاد العام للآثاريين العرب "دراسات فى آثار الوطن العربى" | ||
| Article 57, Volume 20, Issue 1, 2017, Pages 1572-1605 PDF (2.7 M) | ||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/cguaa.2017.29853 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Ahmed Elyamani1; Salwa Moustafa Amer2 | ||
| 1Lecturer of Architectural Conservation of Historical Structures and Sites, Cairo University | ||
| 2Teaching Assistant, Cairo University | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Islamic monumental buildings in Egypt, generally, and in Cairo, specifically, suffer from a number of typical problems such as: lack of maintenance, raising of ground water levels, and spread cracks in structural elements. As well, the surroundings of such buildings suffer from a number of typical problems such as: harmful anthropogenic actions including heavy traffic, pollution resulting from industrial activities, and constructing new buildings beside these buildings. The new buildings affect negatively on the monumental buildings’ visual impact. This research aims at throwing the light on such typical problems in one of the unique mosques in Cairo which is Queen Safiyya mosque. It is an Ottoman mosque built at the beginning of the 17th c (11th c AH). The mosque suffers now from a number of the aforementioned problems. The spread cracks and the big settlement in the mosque floor could be considered one of these major problems. As well, the mosque’s surroundings suffer from pollution and harmful anthropogenic actions. The paper discusses the building history and description and the signs and factors of the observed damage specified based on visual inspection. A number of intervention proposals are given. A number of studies were carried out on the surroundings including the demographics, the buildings and the lands. A number of rehabilitation measures were proposed based on these studies. This paper is a start for more research that should be conducted on the mosque and its surroundings and similar monumental buildings in Egypt. The target is to protect these buildings from continuous deterioration which may result at end to the total loss of such buildings and deprivation next generations from valueless part of the Egyptian architectural heritage. تعاني الآثار الإسلامية في مصر عموماً، وفى مدينة القاهرة خصوصاً، من العديد من المشاکل النمطية؛ مثل: غياب الصيانة، وارتفاع منسوب المياه الأرضية، وما يترتب على ذلک من انتشار الشروخ في العناصر الإنشائية للمبنى. وکذلک نجد تکراراً (تشابهاً) لعدد من المشاکل في محيط هذه الآثار مثل: الأنشطة البشرية المُضرة بالأثر إنشائيا؛ مثل حرکة المواصلات الثقيلة بجوارها، والتلوث الناتج عن العوادم المُصاحبة للأنشطة الصناعية کالورش، وکذلک التشوه البصري الناتج عن الإنشاءات والمباني الحديثة في محيط هذه الآثار. ويهدف هذا البحث إلى إلقاء الضوء على مثل هذه المشاکل النمطية تطبيقاً على أحد الجوامع الأثرية الفريدة؛ وهو جامع الملکة صفية بالقاهرة، والذي يرجع إلى العصر العثماني (القرن الحادى عشر الهجري - أوائل القرن السابع عشر الميلادي)، ويتبع طراز المساجد المعلقة. والجامع يعاني من المشاکل النمطية آنفة الذکر. ويمکن اعتبار الشروخ والهبوط الکبير في أرضية الصحن من أبرز هذه المشاکل، کذلک يعانى محيطه العمراني من التلوث والتعديات البشرية. ويتناول البحث وصف المسجد، وعوامل ومظاهر التلف الموجودة به، والتي تم تحديدها بناءً على الفحص البصري. يلى ذلک وضع مقترحات لترميمه. کذلک تمت دراسة المشاکل المرتبطة بالمحيط العمراني للجامع، واُقترحت الحلول التطبيقية لمعالجتها. هذا، وتُعد هذه الدراسة نواة لدراسات مستفيضة يتطلب إجراؤها على الجامع ومحيطه - وکذا الآثار الإسلامية المناظرة - لحمايته من عمليات التلف المستمرة، والتي قد تؤدى إلى اندثاره وضياع معالمه، وحرمان الأجيال القادمة من التعرف على طبيعة هذا المعلم التراثي الأصيل. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Islamic monuments; Queen Safiyya Mosque; Damage Symptoms; Damage Causes; Typical Problems; conservation; Urban Surrounding; Rehabilitation; آثار إسلامية; جامع الملکة صفية; عوامل ومظاهر التلف; مشاکل نمطية; ترميم; محيط عمراني | ||
| References | ||
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