ملامح من شجاعة شعب غزة فى العصرين اليونانى الرومانى

ثبت المصادر والمراجع

أولاً: المصادر:

-المصادر اليونانية والرومانيةGraeco-Roman Sources :

- Appianus, Syrian Wars.                          

- Arrianus, Anabasis of Alexander.

- Curtius Rufus, Quintus, Historiae Alexandri Magni

- Claudius Ptolemy, Geographia.

- Dio Cassius, Historiae Romanae.

- Diodorus  Siculus,  Bibliotheca Historica

- Dionysius of Halicarnassus (De Compositione Verborum(

Eusebius, Ecclesiastical History

- Josephus Flavius: Antiquitates Judaicae.

                        : Bellum Judaicum.

                        : Contra Apionem.       

- Nicolas of Damascus: Historiae, apud, Josephus: Antiquitates Judaicae.

                    : De Vita Sua, apud, Josephus:  Antiquities Judaicae.

- Herodotus: The Histories.

- Plutarch: De Vita Alexandri.

                 :De Alexandri magni fortuna aut virtute. 

                 : Demetrius. 

- Polybius, Histories.

- Pomponius Mela, Chorographia.

- Pliny the Elder,Naturalis Historia.

- Pseudo-Aristeas, Aristae Ad Philocratem Epistula.

- Pseudo-Hecataeus, apud, Josephus, Contra Apion.

- Strabo, Geographica.

- Tertullian, Adversus Judaeos.

- العهد القديم Old Testament:

-       Amos.

-       Deuteronomy.

-       Exodus.

-       Ezekiel.

-       Genesis.

-       I Maccabees.

-       I Samuel.

-       II Kings.

-       Jeremiah.

-       Joshua.

-       Judges.

-       Judith.

-       Zachariah.

-       Zephaniah

-مجموعات البردى والنقوش: Papyri  and Inscriptions   

-  Corpus Papyrorum Judaecarum, By Tcherikover V. A., Fuks A. and others, Cambridge, vol. i-iii, 1957-1960.

ثانياً: المراجع العربية:

-       نصحى، إبراهيم، تاريخ مصر فى عصر البطالمة، جـ.1، ط.7، القاهرة، 1998.

-  nuṣḥī, ibrāhīm, Tārīẖ miṣr fī ʿaṣr al-baṭālima, Vol.1, 7^thed., Cairo, 1998.

-       جوهر، هانى عبد العزيز، اليهود فى فلسطين فى العصرين البطلمي والسلوقى، المكابيون: دراسة فى الناحية الدينية والسياسية، ط.1، عين للدراسات والبحوث الانسانية والاجتماعية، 2005م.

-  ǧawhār, hānī ʿābd al-ʿāzīz, al-Yahūd fī falasṭīn fī al-ʿāṣrīn al-bāṭlāmī waʾl-slūqī, al-makkābyūn: dirāsa fī al-nāḥīya al-dīnīya waʾl-sīyāsīya, 1^sted., ʿayn liʾl-dirāsāt waʾl-buḥūṯ al-ʾīnsānīya waʾl-āǧtimāʿīya, 2005.

-       فرح، أبو اليسر، الشرق الأدنى فى العصرين الهللينستى والرومانى، ط.1، 2002م.

-     faraḥ, abū al-yusr, al-Šarq al-ʾadnā fi al-ʿaṣrīn al-hillīnstī waʾl-rūmānī, 1^sted., 2002.

ثالثاً: المراجع الأجنبية:

-      A LEXICON, Abridged from Liddell and Scott’s Greek-English Lexicon, Oxford, 1966.

-      Anthony, R. B., Hadrian The restless emperor, London & New York, Routledge, 1997.

-      Besnier, M., Lexique de Gḕographie Ancienne, Paris: Librairie G. Klincksiegr, 1914.

-      Beth Alpert Nakhai, Archaeology and the Religions of Canaan and Israel, ASOR Books Volume 7, American Schools of Oriental Research , Boston, MA, Copyright © 2001.

-      Filfil, R.& Louton, B., «The Other Face of Gaza: The Gaza Continuum», This Week in Palestine125, September 2008.

-      Gera, D., Judaea and Mediterranean politics 219 to 161 B.C.E., Leiden. New York, 1998.

-      Grant, M., The Jews in the Roman World, London, 1973.

-      Green, P., Alexander to Actium The Hellenistic Age, London, 1993.

-      Gregorovius, F., The Emperor Hadrian: A picture of the Graeco-Roman World in his time, Translated by: Mary E. Robinson, London, 1898.

-      Katzenstein,H. J. , «Gaza in the Egyptian Texts of the New Kingdom», Journal of the American Oriental Society 102, N^o.1,1982, 111–113.https://doi.org/10.2307/601117    

-      Hoover, Oliver D, The Dated Coinage of Gaza in Historical Context (264/3 BC - AD 241/2), American Numismatic Society, Plates 8-10.

-      Russell,I., «The settlers in the central hill country of Palestine during Iron Age I (ca 1200-1000 BCE): Where did they come from and why did they move?», Master Thesis, University of south Africa, November 2009. 

-      Jones, A.H. M., The Herods of Judaea, Oxford, 1967.

-      Kinder, H., & Hilgemann, W., The Penguin Atlas of world History, Vol.1, Paperback – International Edition, January 1, 1974.

-      Martin A. M., History of the city of Gaza from the earliest times to the Present day, New York: The Columbia University Press, 1907.

-      Millar, F., The Roman Near East (31 BC-337 AD), London, Cambridge, 1993.

-      Richard, S. &William, L. M., The PrincetonEncyclopedia of Classical Sites, Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1976.

-      Smith, William, D.C.L, LL.D., A dictionary of Greek & Roman Geography By various writers, Vol. I. , I.B., Tauris & Co Ltd, 2006.

-      Stinespring, W.F., «Hadrian in Palestine, 129/130 A. D.», American Oriental Society Stable: Journal of the American Oriental Society59, N^o. 3 ,Sep., 1939 ,360-365.

-      Tcherikover, V., Hellenistic Civilization and the Jews, Hendrickson, 1999.

-      The Geography of Strabo, Vol. v. L.C.L. , edited by G. P. Gooled, London, 1988.

-      Walter, M. E., Ptolemy of Egypt, London & New York, 1994.

رابعاً: المراجع الإلكترونية:

-       https://ar.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/إمبراطورية_الإسكندر_الأكبر_ودروب_حملاته  ملف:. Png

 (Accessed June 4, 2023)

-       https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/) المملكة_المصرية_الحديثةAccessed 31-5-2023)

-       http://en.wikipedia.org./wiki/Arabia-Felix (Accessed December 25, 2022)

-       http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Judea_na_Pompeius.PNG (Accessed December 30, 2022)

-       http://media-2.web.britannica.com/eb-media/54/3354-004-FAC9FB34.jpg

 (Accessed December 30, 2022)

-       http://rosenblumcoins.com/files/img/44b/056.jpg(Accessed December 31, 2022)

-       http://www.bible-history.com/archaeology/rome/arch-titus-menorah-1.html

(Accessed December 31, 2022)

-       http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/media/3079/Palestine-during-the Maccabean-period (Accessed December 30, 2022)

-       http://www.gotquestions.org/Gaza-in-the-Bible.html (Accessed December 10, 2022)

-       http://www.preteristarchive.com/Ancient_Revelations/numismatics/0071_ numis_judea-capta.html (Accessed December 31, 2022)

-       https://peregabriel.com/saintamaria/16366/ (Accessed June 4, 2023)

-       https://alexander-the-great.org/alexanders-campaign/siege-of-gaza

(Accessed December 30, 2022)

-       https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:CarteCanaanAuBronzeR%C3%A9cent.jpg (Accessed December 30, 2022)

-       https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaza_City  (Accessed  December 24, 2022)

-       https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tell_el-Ajjul (Accessed December 30, 2022)

-       https://israelipalestinian.procon.org/background-resources/map-romans-63-bce-330-ce (Accessed December 31, 2022)

-       https://www.wildwinds.com/coins/greece/judaea/gaza/i.html (Accessed December 30, 2022)

-       https://www.wildwinds.com/coins/ric/augustus/RPC_4894.jpg(Accessed December 30, 2022)

-       https://www.wildwinds.com/coins/ric/hadrian/_gaza_BMC_24.jpg

 (Accessed December 30, 2022)