ZAHER, A., Salama, F., El-Tayeh, N., El-Naggar, S., Sultan, R., Gaafar, A. (2023). INFLUENCES OF ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS ON THE ACTIVE METABOLITES AND CERTAIN BIOACTIVITIES OF DESERT DATE LEAF AND FRUIT (BALANITES AEGYPTIACA L. DELILE) GROWN IN EGYPT. test, 46(2), 927-941. doi: 10.21608/bfsa.2023.327683
AHMED ZAHER; F. M. Salama; N. A. El-Tayeh; S. H. El-Naggar; Raoof Sultan; A. E. Gaafar. "INFLUENCES OF ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS ON THE ACTIVE METABOLITES AND CERTAIN BIOACTIVITIES OF DESERT DATE LEAF AND FRUIT (BALANITES AEGYPTIACA L. DELILE) GROWN IN EGYPT". test, 46, 2, 2023, 927-941. doi: 10.21608/bfsa.2023.327683
ZAHER, A., Salama, F., El-Tayeh, N., El-Naggar, S., Sultan, R., Gaafar, A. (2023). 'INFLUENCES OF ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS ON THE ACTIVE METABOLITES AND CERTAIN BIOACTIVITIES OF DESERT DATE LEAF AND FRUIT (BALANITES AEGYPTIACA L. DELILE) GROWN IN EGYPT', test, 46(2), pp. 927-941. doi: 10.21608/bfsa.2023.327683
ZAHER, A., Salama, F., El-Tayeh, N., El-Naggar, S., Sultan, R., Gaafar, A. INFLUENCES OF ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS ON THE ACTIVE METABOLITES AND CERTAIN BIOACTIVITIES OF DESERT DATE LEAF AND FRUIT (BALANITES AEGYPTIACA L. DELILE) GROWN IN EGYPT. test, 2023; 46(2): 927-941. doi: 10.21608/bfsa.2023.327683

INFLUENCES OF ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS ON THE ACTIVE METABOLITES AND CERTAIN BIOACTIVITIES OF DESERT DATE LEAF AND FRUIT (BALANITES AEGYPTIACA L. DELILE) GROWN IN EGYPT

Bulletin of Pharmaceutical Sciences Assiut University
Volume 46, Issue 2, December 2023, Pages 927-941    PDF (1.34 M)
Document Type: Original Article
DOI: 10.21608/bfsa.2023.327683
Authors
AHMED ZAHER* 1; F. M. Salama2; N. A. El-Tayeh3; S. H. El-Naggar3; Raoof Sultan2; A. E. Gaafar4
1Assiut University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy
2Botany & Microbiology Dept. Fac. of Science, Assiut University, Egypt
3Botany & Microbiology Dept. Fac. of Science (Qena), South Valley University, Egypt
4Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, New Valley University, El Kharga, Egypt
Abstract
Balanites aegyptiaca (L.) Delile is a medicinal wild tree, naturally distributed in wide regions of Africa and South Asia. The fruits are commercially available in Egypt as antidiabetic natural products. The current study aimed to determine the effects of environmental factors on the metabolites and the bioactivities of fruit and leaf extracts. The main ecological differences between the sites of collection, Wadi El−Gemal and Baris Oasis, are temperature, aridity, humidity, and location. The fruit extract of Baris Oasis showed higher saponin content and saponin metabolites (LC−MS analysis) than the fruit extract of Wadi El−Gemal. Baris Oasis fruit extract showed twice the inhibition of α−Glucosidase than Wadi El−Gemal fruit extract. Twelve phenolics and flavonoids were detected in Baris Oasis leaf extract, while ten compounds were detected in Wadi El−Gemal leaf extract using HPLC. The higher quality and quantity of flavonoids and phenolics of Baris Oasis leaf extract than Wadi El−Gemal leaf extract, have significant effects on the antioxidant and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activities. In conclusion, elevation of temperature and aridity have significant positive effects on the synthesis and accumulation of B. aegyptiaca saponins, phenolics and flavonoids. The bioactivities of the fruit and leaf extracts are directly proportional to the variation in metabolites due to abiotic stresses.
Keywords
Balanites aegyptiaca L; Ecological Factors; Saponins; Flavonoids; Phenolics
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