Identification of the Components of Wastewater from Al-Sadr Teaching Hospital in Basrah, Iraq | ||
| Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries | ||
| Article 11, Volume 27, Issue 6, November and December 2023, Pages 203-214 PDF (645.51 K) | ||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/ejabf.2023.328088 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Nedhal M. Hameed; Majida S. Al-Enazi | ||
| Abstract | ||
| The discharge of raw contaminated and inadequately treated pharmaceutical wastewater into water supplies and river canals contributes to short-, medium-, and long-term environmental and human health impacts. The deterioration and depletion of natural resources exemplified in recipient surface water systems, entirely account for the poor quality of pharmaceutical wastewater effluent. The experimental part involved three main wastewater sites for Al-Sadr Teaching Hospital in Basrah Governorate, Iraq. The first site was chosen from which the hospital’s liquid waste is discharged after undergoing mechanical treatment. The second site is 500 meters to the right of the first site, and the third site is 500 meters to the left of the first site. Water samples were collected twice, the first collection was during the hot months (August and September), while the second collection was during the cold months (December and January). A wide range of pharmaceutical wastewater was obtained in the wastewater of Al-Sadr Teaching Hospital using the GC-Mass technique. The percentage of pharmaceutical waste during the cold months was much higher than in the hot months. In conclusion, this study reported a successful screening of the presence of antibiotics, analgesics, disinfectants, and antivirals in Al-Khorah water canals. The presence of pharmaceuticals detected in canal water indicated pollution by these substances. High concentrations during the colder months suggested that human activity is the main cause of pollution in those canals. As a result, continuous monitoring of pharmaceutical pollutant concentrations is required to protect public health, aquatic biodiversity, and water channel quality. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Liquid medical; Wastewater; Pollution; Hospital environment | ||
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