Ashour, H., Maher, H., Kamel, S., El-Yazbi, F. (2024). Novel, cost-effective, eco-friendly spectrophotometric method for the determination of Beta-carotene, Vitamin C, and Vitamin E in their ternary mixtures: Greenness and whiteness appraisal. test, 1(1), 22-28. doi: 10.21608/japs.2024.259629.1014
Heba Kamal Ashour; Hadir Maher; Shaza Kamel; Fawzy El-Yazbi. "Novel, cost-effective, eco-friendly spectrophotometric method for the determination of Beta-carotene, Vitamin C, and Vitamin E in their ternary mixtures: Greenness and whiteness appraisal". test, 1, 1, 2024, 22-28. doi: 10.21608/japs.2024.259629.1014
Ashour, H., Maher, H., Kamel, S., El-Yazbi, F. (2024). 'Novel, cost-effective, eco-friendly spectrophotometric method for the determination of Beta-carotene, Vitamin C, and Vitamin E in their ternary mixtures: Greenness and whiteness appraisal', test, 1(1), pp. 22-28. doi: 10.21608/japs.2024.259629.1014
Ashour, H., Maher, H., Kamel, S., El-Yazbi, F. Novel, cost-effective, eco-friendly spectrophotometric method for the determination of Beta-carotene, Vitamin C, and Vitamin E in their ternary mixtures: Greenness and whiteness appraisal. test, 2024; 1(1): 22-28. doi: 10.21608/japs.2024.259629.1014

Novel, cost-effective, eco-friendly spectrophotometric method for the determination of Beta-carotene, Vitamin C, and Vitamin E in their ternary mixtures: Greenness and whiteness appraisal

Journal of Advanced Pharmaceutical Sciences
Volume 1, Issue 1, January 2024, Pages 22-28    PDF (930.6 K)
Document Type: Original Article
DOI: 10.21608/japs.2024.259629.1014
Authors
Heba Kamal Ashour* 1; Hadir Maher1; Shaza Kamel2; Fawzy El-Yazbi3
1Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
2Amriya Pharmaceutical Industries, Alexandria, Egypt
3Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
Abstract
Oxidative mechanisms and excessive generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been strongly associated with different pathological abnormalities. The use of antioxidants has gained attention in controlling body functions. Antioxidant vitamins including vitamin C (VIT C), vitamin E (VIT E), and beta-carotene (B-CAR), have been included in different health-management formulations because of their ROS-scavenging effect. In this work, spectrophotometric methods are developed for the first time for the simultaneous determination of VIT C, VIT E, and B-CAR in tablet mixtures. B-CAR was determined by measuring direct absorbance at 450 nm. However, derivative spectrophotometry was applied to resolve the spectral overlap between VIT C/E by recording the absolute values of 1D peak to peak amplitude at 252 and 277 nm for the determination of VIT C while the second derivative spectra were used for the determination of VIT E by recording the absolute values of 2D amplitude at 212 nm. The validated methods permitted the determination of the antioxidant vitamins within the concentration ranges of 0.68 - 6.1, 3.35-53.6, and 3-24 μgmL-1 for B-CAR, VIT C and VIT E, respectively. Good linearity was shown by high values of correlation coefficients >0.999. The National Environmental Methods Index (NEMI), Green Analytical Procedure Index (GAPI), and Analytical Greenness Calculator (AGREE) were used to provide complementary approval of the degree of greenness of the proposed methods. Taking into consideration the low cost, greenness, and high quality of the proposed spectrophotometric methods, they can be regularly applied for routine quality control analysis of such vitamin combinations.

Highlights
  • Direct absorbance and derivative spectrophotometric methods are developed to quantify vitamin C, Vitamin E, and β Carotene, simultaneously.
  • The methods have been successfully applied to laboratory-prepared mixtures.
  • The Greenness and whiteness of the spectrophotometric methods have been confirmed using NEMI, GAPI, and AGREE metrics.
Keywords
Antioxidants; vitamins; derivative spectrophotometry; whiteness
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