The Neurobehavioral Effect of Ketogenic Diet on Cognitive Functions in Chronic Unpredictable Stress Adult Male Rat Model | ||
| Suez Canal University Medical Journal | ||
| Article 8, Volume 26, Issue 9, September 2023, Pages 75-86 PDF (834.55 K) | ||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/scumj.2023.341641 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Lamis M. Asran1; Samy Makary1; Horeya E. Korayem2; Eman Kolieb* 1 | ||
| 1Department of Human Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt. | ||
| 2Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt. | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Background: The ketogenic diet (KD) is a high-fat diet in which fatty acids become an obligatory energy source for the brain. Stressful events lead to structural and functional disturbances in the hippocampus and dentate cells responsible for memory. Aim: This work aimed to study how the KD modulates the effect of chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) on cognition via the modulation of the adult hippocampal and dentate neuronal cell neurogenesis in adult male rats. Materials and Methods:For this study; Twenty-four adult male Wistar albino rats, were divided into the Control group, normally fed palatable diet (NPD); KD group, fed on KD; CUS group, rat model fed on NPD, (CUS/NPD); CUS model group, fed on KD (CUS/KD) for 37 days. Barnes Maze (BM) assessed spatial memory and learning. Elevated plus maze (EPM) and open field test evaluated the anxiety-like behavior from CUS. To evaluate the KD effect, serum levels of ACTH, corticosterone, and brain homogenate of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), dopamine, and acetylcholine (ACh). Results:CUS/KD group showed a reduction in the number of errors and latency time in BM. CUS/KD reduced the anxiety level compared to CUS. The same results were shown for brain neurotransmitters, antioxidant effect, and hormonal levels. For the hippocampus and dentate microstructure, CUS/KD showed an increase of neurogenesis doublecortin stain and restoration of the hippocampus and dentate neuronal cells. Conclusions: KD improved hippocampal neurogenesis and adverse stress effects on cognition, memory, and learning via decreasing anxiety and stress hormones and by increasing ACh, antioxidant effect, and BDNF. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Ketogenic diet; stress; neurogenesis; spatial learning and memory; impairment | ||
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