Serotype Diversity of Foot And Mouth Disease Virus and Molecular Characterization of Serotype O Strains from 2019 and 2020 Outbreaks in Kenya | ||
| Benha Veterinary Medical Journal | ||
| Article 15, Volume 46, Issue 1, April 2024, Pages 81-86 PDF (599.32 K) | ||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/bvmj.2024.237871.1730 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Judith Mumo Josiah* 1; Anthony Kebira Nyamache2; Fanos Taddese Woldemariyam3; Christopher Kinyanjui Kariuki4; Jan Paeshuyse4; Joseph M Kamau5 | ||
| 1Foot-And-Mouth Disease Laboratory Embakasi-Kenya | ||
| 2Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology & Biotechnology, Kenyatta University, Nairobi Kenya | ||
| 3Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Addis Ababa University, Bishoftu, Ethiopia | ||
| 4Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Department of Biosystems, Division Of Animal And Human Health Engineering, Leuven Belgium | ||
| 5Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Institute of Primate Research, Karen, Nairobi Kenya | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Foot and mouth disease (FMD) is a viral infection affecting ruminants and leads to great economic losses. Control and prevention have been a challenge despite the availability of vaccines. The causative agent exists in seven serotypes and is endemic in Kenya, with serotypes O, A, SAT (South African Territory) 1, and SAT 2 and having circulated in the recent past. This study was aimed at determining the current serotype diversity and serotype O variants during the study period. A cross-sectional study was conducted and a total of 267 epithelial samples were collected from animals during the disease outbreaks of 2019 and 2020. Antigen detection was performed using ELISA (Enyme-Linked Immunosorbed Assay). The negative samples were inoculated on LFBK(Line of Fetal Bovine Kidney) monolayer cells followed by a repeat ELISA for CPE(Cytopathic Effect) positive samples. The partial VP1 gene for serotype O samples was amplified and directly sequenced. The generated sequences were analyzed and compared with the vaccine strain. The prevalence of FMDV was 65.9% (176/267) and serotypes SAT 1, O, SAT 2, and A in the order of decreasing prevalence were circulating. Serotype O viruses analyzed belonged to the EA 2 against the EA 1 vaccine strain in use. For better control of the disease, this study recommends close monitoring of the circulating serotypes and topotypes, and, regular vaccine matching to ensure vaccine effectiveness. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Foot and mouth disease; Prevalence; Topotypes; Viral protein 1 (VP 1) | ||
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