Evaluation of Toxic Effects of Caffeinated Energy Drinks on Thyroid Gland of Adult Male Albino Rats: Assessment of Apoptosis and Regeneration | ||
| Egyptian Society of Clinical Toxicology Journal | ||
| Volume 12, Issue 1, June 2024, Pages 171-181 PDF (1.15 M) | ||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/esctj.2024.288750.1058 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Noha Maher Elrewieny1; Rabab Abdulmoez Amin Eltokhy2; Heba Mohamed Aboubakr2; Passant Essam Eldin Shibel3; Shimaa Ahmed Alsaeed* 2 | ||
| 1Forensic medicine and Clinical Toxicology Department, Cairo University | ||
| 2Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology Department, Cairo University | ||
| 3Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Background: Young adults and adolescents are rarely aware of the negative effects of caffeinated energy beverages. Aim of the work: To investigate the hazards of caffeinated energy drinks on the thyroid gland in albino rats by biochemical, histological, and immunohistochemical examinations, and examining the signs of the apoptosis/regeneration rate. Material and methods: 24 adult albino rats were classified into 3 groups; group 1 were kept on basal diet and distilled water, group 2 and group 3 were given energy drinks in 2 different doses for 14 days. Rats in group 2 were given a daily low dose of caffeinated energy drinks daily (10 mg/kg), while the group 3 of rats were given a daily high dose of caffeinated energy drinks (20 mg/kg). Finally, T3, T4 and TSH were measured, histopathology and immuno-histochemical study using ki-67 and caspase-3 were performed. Results: The mean free T3 and T4 in (groups 1, 2 and 3) showed statistically significant higher values. There was a significant difference regarding ki-67 in the 3 studied groups; the mean ki-67 score showed the highest value in group 3 followed by the control group and group 2 respectively, while there was a non-significant difference regarding caspase-3 in the 3 studied groups. Conclusion: Oral consumption of energy drinks was associated with significantly overexpression of ki-67 in thyroid gland suggesting a proliferative response to thyroid gland injury and significant increase in free T3 and T4 in group 2. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Energy Drinks; Thyroid Gland; ki-67; Caspase-3 | ||
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