Evaluation Stability of Some Bread Wheat Genotypes under Various Egyptian conditions | ||
| International Journal of Modern Agriculture and Environment | ||
| Volume 3, Issue 2, December 2023, Pages 77-100 PDF (1.56 M) | ||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/ijmae.2023.370418 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Hayam S. Mahgoub1; Zeinab E. Ghareeb2; A.A. Hamada1; M.A. Hassan3; A.A. Sewalam1 | ||
| 1Field Crops Res. Institute, ARC, Giza. Egypt | ||
| 2Central Lab. for Design and Stat. Anal. Res., ARC, Giza. Egypt | ||
| 3Field Crops Res. Institute, ARC, Giza. Egypt. | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Water shortage is one of the most significant difficulties to wheat production in Egypt, especially after establishment the Grand Ethiopian Dam. Eight promising bread wheat lines were estimated under recommended irrigation (5 irrigations with 2150 m3) and two water deficit stress (3 irrigations with 1275m3 as a low, 4 irrigations with 1750 m3 as a medium) during the 2017/2018, 2018/2019 and 2019/2020 growing seasons in three different field conditions at the experimental farm of El-Amel (First time sown at Sainai), Kafer- El Hammam (El-Sharkia governorate) and El-Nubaria (old reclaimed area), Agricultural Research Center, ARC, Egypt. Each experiment represented a type of soil, sandy, clay and calcareous soil at El-Amel, Kafer-EL Hammam and El-Nubaria respectively. Seasonally, three field experiments had conducted with eight genotypes in each location. Each experiment represented an irrigation regime. The experimental design was Randomized Complete Block Design in three replicates. The nine environments (three seasons* three locations) and three irrigation regimes revealed sufficient genetic variability among the studied genotypes. The plant height, no. of spikes/m2, no. of kernels/spike, 1000-kernel weight and grain yield ard/fed recorded significantly decreased under water deficit stress. The results revealed that water stress had a significant adverse impact on all characters which contributed to overall yield losses El Hamam recorded lowest loss (7.17%) under medium water deficit conditions. Genotype Line 3 recorded lowest loss (9.48%) under water deficit conditions compared with recommended one. Genotypic main effect plus genotype by environment interaction (GGE) biplot analysis for yield trait showed the percentages of total variation explained by the first two principal components were more than 70% of the total variation. Graphs illustrated that highly stable genotypes were Line 3 and Line5, under low irrigation Shandweel1 and Giza171 under medium, irrigation and Line3 under recommended irrigation. Therefore, results detected Line3 as an ideal genotype for normal and water deficit conditions and it could be improving the bread wheat breeding program under water shortage as a stress tolerance. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Bread wheat; Grain yield; stability; Water stress | ||
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