Ahmed, M., Elsayed, M., Kholef, E., Fathy, E., El Henawy, O. (2024). Assessment of the Natural Anticoagulants (Protein C, Protein S, and Antithrombin III) for COVID-19 Patients. test, 4(2), 10-19. doi: 10.21608/aumj.2024.282214.1111
Mariam Mohamed Ahmed; Marwa Zanaty Elsayed; Emad Farah Kholef; Eslam Fathy; omr El Henawy. "Assessment of the Natural Anticoagulants (Protein C, Protein S, and Antithrombin III) for COVID-19 Patients". test, 4, 2, 2024, 10-19. doi: 10.21608/aumj.2024.282214.1111
Ahmed, M., Elsayed, M., Kholef, E., Fathy, E., El Henawy, O. (2024). 'Assessment of the Natural Anticoagulants (Protein C, Protein S, and Antithrombin III) for COVID-19 Patients', test, 4(2), pp. 10-19. doi: 10.21608/aumj.2024.282214.1111
Ahmed, M., Elsayed, M., Kholef, E., Fathy, E., El Henawy, O. Assessment of the Natural Anticoagulants (Protein C, Protein S, and Antithrombin III) for COVID-19 Patients. test, 2024; 4(2): 10-19. doi: 10.21608/aumj.2024.282214.1111

Assessment of the Natural Anticoagulants (Protein C, Protein S, and Antithrombin III) for COVID-19 Patients

Aswan University Medical Journal
Volume 4, Issue 2, September 2024, Pages 10-19    PDF (501.86 K)
Document Type: Original Article
DOI: 10.21608/aumj.2024.282214.1111
Authors
Mariam Mohamed Ahmed* 1; Marwa Zanaty Elsayed2; Emad Farah Kholef1; Eslam Fathy1; omr El Henawy1
1Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Aswan University
2Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University
Abstract
Background: COVID-19 was declared a pandemic at the end of 2019. The clinical manifestations diversified from minor non-specific symptoms to respiratory failure and even death. Infection leads to micro-thrombosis, hypercoagulability, and in some patients, large vessel thrombosis.
Objective: To estimate natural anti-coagulants (protein S, antithrombin antithrombin III (ATIII), and protein C) in COVID-19 patients at the time of diagnosis and correlate our findings with the hypercoagulable state and prognosis of patients.
Methodology: This study was performed on 100 patients were divided into 2 groups: 75 confirmed COVID-19 patients, and 25 pulmonary embolism (PE) patients. Patients were undergone some laboratory tests like PCR, Hemostatic status evaluation, serum ferritin, C reactive protein (CRP), LDH, and Complete Blood Count.
Results: In the PE group the values of D-dimer, total leucocytic count, PT, and fibrinogen were significantly higher than COVID-19 group (P < 0.05). While in the COVID-19 group the values of protein C, and LDH were significantly higher than PE group (P < 0.05) and there was an insignificant difference between both groups regarding values of neutrophils, monocytes, platelets, CRP, ferritin, aPTT, ATIII, or protein S.
Conclusion: ATIII, protein S, and protein C lower levels significantly affect the COVID-19 patients’ severity and mortality.
Keywords
Coronavirus; COVID-19; Anticoagulants
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