NEGLECTED THREATING HUMAN LEISHMANIASIS: A BRIEF REVIEW | ||
| Journal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology | ||
| Article 15, Volume 54, Issue 2, August 2024, Pages 295-302 PDF (799.6 K) | ||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/jesp.2024.373532 | ||
| Authors | ||
| EMAN FATHI FADEL1; ESRAA A. ISMAIL2; ESRAA ELNAKIB3; AMERA A. GENEDY4 | ||
| 1Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Egypt | ||
| 2Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Andrology, Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Egypt | ||
| 3Department of Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Egypt | ||
| 4Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Egypt | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Leishmaniases are a group of heterogeneous vector-borne diseases caused by obligate intracellular flagellated protozoans of genus Leishmania. At least 21 species have been proven to be pathogenic to humans. The principal mode of transmission of leishmaniasis is by the bite of an infected female sand-fly. Leishmania infections have six clinical forms, defined by the location of the parasite in the infected tissues: visceral (VL), post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL), cutaneous (CL), diffuse cutaneous (DCL), mucocutaneous (MCL) and mucosal (ML) leishmaniasis. The clinical outcomes of leishmaniais dep- end on factors inherent to the parasite, the vector, and the host. Leishmaniasis is emerging and threatens to become an uncontrollable disease. Most patients live in low-to-middle income countries where governments are faced with limited healthcare budgets and other ailments such as malaria, tuberculosis, and HIV. As a result, little research is dedicated to the diagnosis, management, and control of leishmaniasis. This brief review focuses on recent developments in the diagnosis and treatment strategies of leishmaniasis caused by both Old and New World Leishmania species. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Leishmaniasis; Leishmania; Cutaneous; Visceral; Neglected Tropical Disease | ||
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