Study of the correlation between antibiotic resistance genes - susceptibility profiles and biotopes of Enterobacteria in Burkina Faso

Dabiré, Sanhitouo Charlemagne; Somda, Marius K.; Nitièma, Léon W.; Kambiré, Dinanibè; Zouré, Abdou Azaque; Sagna, Tani; Compaoré, Tegwinde Rebeca; Kiemtoré, Samiratou; Soubeiga, Serge Théophile; Ouédraogo, Oumarou; Nikièma, Rahamani A.; Kagambèga, Alidou; Ouédraogo, Henri Gautier; Dicko, Mamoudou H.

doi:10.21608/mid.2024.329376.2297

	Study of the correlation between antibiotic resistance genes - susceptibility profiles and biotopes of Enterobacteria in Burkina Faso
Microbes and Infectious Diseases
Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 12 December 2024
Document Type: Original Article
DOI: 10.21608/mid.2024.329376.2297
Authors
Sanhitouo Charlemagne Dabiré^* ¹^{, 2}; Marius K. Somda²; Léon W. Nitièma³; Dinanibè Kambiré¹; Abdou Azaque Zouré¹; Tani Sagna¹; Tegwinde Rebeca Compaoré¹; Samiratou Kiemtoré¹; Serge Théophile Soubeiga¹; Oumarou Ouédraogo¹; Rahamani A. Nikièma¹; Alidou Kagambèga¹; Henri Gautier Ouédraogo¹; Mamoudou H. Dicko²
¹Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique (CNRST), Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé ́(IRSS), Département Biomédical et Santé publique, 03 BP 7047, Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso
²Laboratoire de Biochimie, Biotechnologie, Technologie Alimentaire et Nutrition (LABIOTAN), 03 P.B. 7031 Ouagadougou 03, Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, Burkina Faso
³Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique (CNRST), Institut de l’Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles (INERA), 01 BP 476, Ouagadougou 01, Burkina Faso
Abstract
Background: The spread and emergence of antibiotic resistance in enterobacteria is a public health concern. This study aimed to evaluate the role of resistance genes in the development of antibiotic resistance and to assess the impact of biotope (living environment) on the prevalence of these genes. Methods: Animal products (eggs, milk, fish), human sources (urine, feces), and the environment (surface soil, lettuce) were imployed using standard microbiology methods in order to evaluate antibiotic susceptibility and to detect resistance genes to beta-lactams (blaTEM, blaSHV, blaCTX-M-G1) and quinolones (qnrA, qnrB, qnrS) in strains. Conventional PCRs were used to detect resistance genes. Results: The occurrence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteria (ESBL-E) was determined to be 29.9%, 19.2%, and 12% in samples obtained from animal, environmental and human sources, respectively. Enterobacteria strains tested were found harboring at least one resistance gene consisting of 134(41.2%) blaTEM, 76(23.6%) blaSHV, 85(26.2%) blaCTX-M-G1, 54(16.6%) qnrA, 95(29.2%) qnrB and 104(32%) qnrS. The correlation study indicated that significant (p=0.000) and strong (Cramer’s V=0.506) correlations were found between the presence of the blaTEM gene and resistance to sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim. Additionally, the expression of the CTX-M-G1 gene was strongly (Cramer’s V ≥ 0.3) linked (p=0.000) with resistance to the antibiotics ceftriaxone, cefepime, ceftazidime, sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim, and ciprofloxacin. Significant (p=0.000) strong (Cramer’s V ≥ 0.3) associations were seen between the elevated expression of the blaTEM and blaCTX-M-G1 genes and the impact of the biotope. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that the bacterial environment can influence the expression of specific resistance genes in enterobacteria.
Keywords
Enterobacteria; resistance genes; antibiotics; biotopes

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