Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of Beta-lactamases in clinical isolates of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae from patients in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo

MBUNDU LUKUKULA, Cyprien; Vihembo, Grégoire Mbusa; Tshimpangila, Junior Disashi; Angho, Jean-Robert Tundru; Bouchahrouf, Warda; Hoebeke, Martin; Berhin, Cathérine; Bogaerts, Pierre; Huang, Te-Din; Denis, Olivier; Wambale, José Mulwahali; Takaisi-Kikuni, N-B.; LIESSE-IYAMBA, Jean-Marie

doi:10.21608/mid.2024.329996.2301

	Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of Beta-lactamases in clinical isolates of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae from patients in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
Microbes and Infectious Diseases
Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 12 December 2024
Document Type: Original Article
DOI: 10.21608/mid.2024.329996.2301
Authors
Cyprien MBUNDU LUKUKULA¹; Grégoire Mbusa Vihembo¹; Junior Disashi Tshimpangila¹; Jean-Robert Tundru Angho¹; Warda Bouchahrouf²; Martin Hoebeke²; Cathérine Berhin²; Pierre Bogaerts²; Te-Din Huang²; Olivier Denis²^{, 3}; José Mulwahali Wambale¹; N-B. Takaisi-Kikuni¹; Jean-Marie LIESSE-IYAMBA^* ¹^{, 4}
¹University Reference Center of Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance (URC-AMRS), Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
²National Reference Center for Antimicrobial Resistance in Gram negative bacilli, CHU UCL NAMUR – Yvoir, Belgium
³Ecole de Santé Publique, Université Libre de Bruxelles- ULB, Brussels, Belgium
⁴Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé (IRSS), Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
Abstract
Background: The emergence and worldwide circulation of strains of beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacterales represent a major public health problem. The aim of this study was the characterization of extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) and carbapenemase-producing strains of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae resistant strains isolated in Kinshasa hospitals. Methods: Urine samples were collected from hospitalized and non-hospitalized patients. Bacteria were identified by using conventional biochemical tests and MALDI-TOF. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed by disk diffusion method. ESBL and carbapenemase phenotypes were screened using standard microbiological tests. ESBL-encoding genes were tested by multiplex end-point PCR assays and carbapenemase enzymes were identified by immunochromatography assay. Results: Out of 286 urines, 200 (69.9%) Gram negative bacteria were isolated, among them 70 (35.0 %) E. coli and 23 (11.5%) K. pneumoniae. ESBL were identified in 62.9 % (44/70) and in 52.2% (12/23) of E. coli and K. pneumoniae strains respectively. The rate of ESBL-producing Enterobacterales was 60.2% (56/93). Among ESBL producers, the bla_CTX-M1 gene was identified in 88.6 % (39/44) isolates of E. coli and in 100% (12/12) isolates of K. pneumoniae. The bla-gene bla_CTX-M-1 was identified in 91.2% (51/56) of all ESBL producers strains. Only 3.2% (3/93) of Enterobacterales strains produced the NDM enzyme. The Other genes encoding beta-lactamase were bla_TEM (64.3 %), bla_OXA-1/-30 (58.9 %), and bla_SHV (39.3%). Conclusion: A high rate of ESBL-producing Enterobacterales was observed. The results of the study report the first description of metallo-β-lactamase NDM producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae strains from patients in Democratic Republic of Congo.
Keywords
Enterobacterales; Antibiotic resistance genes; ESBL; Carbapenemase

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