SUSTAINABLE AND INTEGRATED TECHNIQUES FOR MANAGING GREYWATER IN THE STATE OF KUWAIT | ||
| Journal of Environmental Science | ||
| Volume 54, Issue 3, March 2025, Pages 845-865 PDF (631.4 K) | ||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/jes.2025.311586.1841 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Khaled Al-Hajri* 1; Noha S. Donia1; Ahmed M. Abdel Basir2; Falah D. Elswery3; Mohamed A. M. F. El-Barad4 | ||
| 1Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Graduate Studies and Environmental Research, Ain-Shams University | ||
| 2epartment of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Graduate Studies and Environmental Research, Ain-Shams University | ||
| 3The High Institute for Managerial Services, The Public Authority for Applied Education and Training in Kuwait | ||
| 4The Civil Engineering Section, The Modern University for Information Technology (Kuwait). | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Due to its rapidly expanding population and limited water supply, Kuwait is having serious problems managing its water resources. Groundwater, desalinated water, and treated wastewater are Kuwait's main sources. In an effort to alleviate the water shortage, a workable process for cleaning greywater for indoor and outdoor reuse is being investigated. Finding environmentally friendly treatment methods that support the principles of sustainable development is the aim of the study. On top of one of the buildings was a pilot plant designed to treat light greywater from a housing complex that was still under construction. The collection tank-self-cleaning filter, pressure sand filtration, carbon adsorption, and ultraviolet and/or chlorine disinfection are the primary technical elements of the proposed treatment plant. Over the course of a year, the project intends to assess the pilot plant's effects on the quality of treated greywater. The results showed that the raw greywater had a comparatively low amount of organic matter (BOD = 106 mg/l, COD = 174 mg/l, and TSS = 53.5 mg/l). The primary results show that only 23.4% of the non-ionic surfactants were eliminated following treatment, compared to 92% of BOD and COD and 93% of TSS. While cationic and non-ionic surfactants were mostly eliminated, anionic surfactants were reduced to a degree of greater than 90%. Finally the greywater has been successfully treated to be reused in different domains. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Wastewater Management; Greywater Management; Sustainable Development; Smart Cities in Kuwait | ||
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