Mohamed, E., Abdelgalil, S., Shehata, E. (2025). Amelioration of Defense System by Exogenous Citric Acid Application to Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) Plant. test, 3(1), 88-101. doi: 10.21608/hrj.2025.418505
Esraa Mohamed; Sayed Hussein Abdelgalil; Ebrahim Shehata. "Amelioration of Defense System by Exogenous Citric Acid Application to Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) Plant". test, 3, 1, 2025, 88-101. doi: 10.21608/hrj.2025.418505
Mohamed, E., Abdelgalil, S., Shehata, E. (2025). 'Amelioration of Defense System by Exogenous Citric Acid Application to Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) Plant', test, 3(1), pp. 88-101. doi: 10.21608/hrj.2025.418505
Mohamed, E., Abdelgalil, S., Shehata, E. Amelioration of Defense System by Exogenous Citric Acid Application to Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) Plant. test, 2025; 3(1): 88-101. doi: 10.21608/hrj.2025.418505

Amelioration of Defense System by Exogenous Citric Acid Application to Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) Plant

Horticulture Research Journal
Volume 3, Issue 1, March 2025, Pages 88-101    PDF (1010.39 K)
Document Type: Original Article
DOI: 10.21608/hrj.2025.418505
Authors
Esraa Mohamed1; Sayed Hussein Abdelgalil2; Ebrahim Shehata3
1Vegetable Cross Pollination Dep., Horticulture Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza, Egypt
2Central Laboratory of Organic Agriculture, Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza, Egypt.
3Department of Natural Resources and Agricultural Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt.
Abstract
Improper agricultural practices over the decades symbolize a serious problem for various crops productivity. Citric acid (CA) (C6H8O7) has demonstrated a superior role in abiotic stress resistance in plants. The current investigation was implemented to test the effectiveness of citric acid root application before and after transplanting. The treatments were: T1 = root soaking (RS) 0.5 g/L, T2 = (RS) 0.75 g/L, T3 = (RS) 1 g/L, T4 = soil application (SA) 0.5 g/L, T5 = (SA) 0.75 g/L, T6 = (SA) 1 g/L, T7 = (RS) 0.5 g/L + (SA) 0.5 g/L, T8 = (RS) 0.75 g/L + (SA) 0.75 g/L, T9 = (RS) 1 g/L + (SA) 1 g/L, and T10 = untreated (control). Overall, the findings demonstrated that the administration of CA in both seasons had a considerable impact on all vegetative development. With the exception of T9, all treatments enhanced growth parameters when compared to the untreated treatment; T7 showed the most remarkable improvement when compared to all other treatments. Citric acid has the potential to decline the harmful effects of abiotic stress in lettuce by inhibiting uptake of Na⁺ and Cl⁻ and by stimulating the antioxidant enzymes such as SOD, POD, CAT, PAL, and PPO.
Keywords
Citric acid; Lettuce; Antioxidant enzymes; Root soaking; Soil application
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