أَثَرُ السِّمَاتِ الشَّخْصِيَّةِ لِلمُحَدِّثِ عَلى آرائِهِ الحَدِيثيَّةِ دِراسَةٌ تَطبيقِيَّةٌ

عنوان المقالة [English]

The impact of the personality traits of the muhaddith on his modern opinions, an applied study.

المؤلفون [English]

Dr.. Ashraf Khalifa Abdel Moneim Abdel Majid .

Assistant Professor of Arabic Language and Islamic Studies - Sinai University - Associate Professor of Hadith and its Sciences - College of Sharia and Fundamentals of Religion - University of Najran - Department: Fundamentals of Religion .

المستخلص [English]

Abstract:

A number of influences affect the views of Muslim scholars in general and narrators of hadiths (Prophetic Sayings) in particular, including their personal characteristics. The research deals with the practical impact of such influences on the views of narrators with regard to hadiths (Prophetic Sayings) employing the inductive, analytical and critical methodology. The researcher traces the definitions of personal characteristics by psychologists and narrators of the hadiths (Prophetic Sayings).

The research has determined the ways to apply these personal characteristics to the narrators of hadiths (Prophetic Sayings) with the treatment of biography books which did not focus on making prominent these characteristics through frequently inducing and tracing the narrator's actions, and attributing each action to its characteristic. The research has identified five types of personal characteristics based on the definitions, and traced the existence of such characteristics in the lives of narrators in general in order to be classified as worldly life characteristics that have already affected their lives, dealings and scientific views.

These five types of personal characteristics are: Neurotic Character, represented by Qatada bin Saddam al-Sadousi and the characteristic of anger in his life is traced with its effects on hadiths (Prophetic Sayings) and Sho'ba- may Allah bless his soul- started to stop asking Qatada about hearing because the latter would get angry whenever he was asked about it, Extravert character, represented by Al-Waqidi by tracing the characteristic of excitation and exaggeration and its impact on hadiths (Prophetic Sayings), Acceptable Character and its features, represented by Abdullah bin Al-Mubarak for his being merciful and sympathetic. This characteristic had an impact since he would not quit the talk of any man unless he died, together with his writings about the young and the old, his sweet words in narrating, in addition to paying for the narrators of hadiths (Prophetic Sayings) to spread the science and expand in narrating hadiths. There is also the Character of Consciousness, represented by Sho'ba bin Al-Hajjaj, which searches for and explores the truth. It resulted in establishing Biographical evaluation with the documentation of what Sho'ba had already documented and comparing the narrations of the narrators like Qatada and others with Sho'ba’s narrations. The fifth character is the character limited to experience, which insists on the error. The research shows an applied example through the life of Ali bin Assem. After that the research introduces a sixth part where it followed the feature of inflexibility and intransigence as independent research, and its applications in addition to its effect on the views of Yahya bin Sa'eed Al-Qattan and this resulted in the non-acceptance of the offense committed against a group like that of Mohammed bin Ishaq and Ekrema bin Ammar, and his weakening  some true hadiths (Prophetic Sayings). Despite the emergence of the effects of personal characteristics of the narrator on his views in hadiths (Prophetic Sayings), the research has proved the objectivity of the rules of hadith (Prophetic Saying) and its science, where these rules remained in control of hadith science, not broken by personal characteristics or other factors. Glory be to Allah Who has kept safe His Prophet's Sunnah (Prophetic Traditions) through servants whom He used to send His victory upon that Sunnah.

الکلمات الرئيسية [English]

(Books of translations) (scientific issues) (hadith sciences) (personal traits) (psychologists) (hadith scholars).