Hasan, Z., Mohamed, S., Abdelmohsen, F. (2019). Ocular Manifestations of Rheumatoid Arthritis and Complications of Hydroxychloroquine Treatment. test, 77(3), 5148-5154. doi: 10.21608/ejhm.2019.52404
Zeinab Sayed Hasan; Sanaa Ahmed Mohamed; Fatma Essam Abdelmohsen. "Ocular Manifestations of Rheumatoid Arthritis and Complications of Hydroxychloroquine Treatment". test, 77, 3, 2019, 5148-5154. doi: 10.21608/ejhm.2019.52404
Hasan, Z., Mohamed, S., Abdelmohsen, F. (2019). 'Ocular Manifestations of Rheumatoid Arthritis and Complications of Hydroxychloroquine Treatment', test, 77(3), pp. 5148-5154. doi: 10.21608/ejhm.2019.52404
Hasan, Z., Mohamed, S., Abdelmohsen, F. Ocular Manifestations of Rheumatoid Arthritis and Complications of Hydroxychloroquine Treatment. test, 2019; 77(3): 5148-5154. doi: 10.21608/ejhm.2019.52404

Ocular Manifestations of Rheumatoid Arthritis and Complications of Hydroxychloroquine Treatment

The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
Article 12, Volume 77, Issue 3, October 2019, Pages 5148-5154    PDF (407.99 K)
Document Type: Original Article
DOI: 10.21608/ejhm.2019.52404
Authors
Zeinab Sayed Hasan; Sanaa Ahmed Mohamed; Fatma Essam Abdelmohsen*
Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
Abstract
Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the most common autoimmune disease. Ocular manifestations of RA vary and are mainly keratoconjunctivitis sicca, episcleritis, scleritis and keratitis. Antimalarial drugs [hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) and chloroquine (CQ)] have been used for the treatment of RA. Objective: The aim of this study was to study the ocular manifestations of rheumatoid arthritis and the complications of the use of hydroxychloroquine in treatment. Patients and methods: A prospective study that was conducted at Al-Zahraa University Hospital. The study included a total of 80 eyes of 40 patients. Patients were divided into two groups: Group (1) 20 RA patients not using HCQ treatment and group (2) 20 RA patients using HCQ treatment. All patients underwent complete ophthalmic examination including SD-OCT. Results: the most ocular manifestations found in patients were keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS) 93.8%, scleritis and episcleritis 2.5%, acute anterior uveitis (AAU) and sclerosing keratitis 1.3%. Regarding SD-OCT finding comparing between the two groups, we found signs of early HCQ retinopathy in patients of group 2 in the form of parafoveal and perifoveal thining compared to group 1. Conclusion: RA is associated with many extra-articular manifestations, HCQ and CQ used in treatment of RA have significant efficacy and safety, but with long duration of using can cause retinopathy, and follow up of patients is necessary to detect early retinopathy.
Keywords
Rheumatoid Arthritis; ocular manifestations; hydroxychloroquine; retinopathy
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