EVAPORATION PAN AS AN EFFECTIVE METHOD FOR IRRIGATION SCHEDULING FOR SUGAR BEET IN THE NORTH NILE DELTA REGION | ||
| Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering | ||
| Article 6, Volume 3, Issue 3, March 2012, Pages 373-387 PDF (547.69 K) | ||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/jssae.2012.53876 | ||
| Authors | ||
| E. M. El-Hadidi1; M. M. Ibrahim2; Mona S. M. Eid3 | ||
| 1Soils Dept., Fac. of Agric. Mansoura Univ. | ||
| 2Soil and Water Dept., Fac. of Agric. Tanta Univ. | ||
| 3Soils, Water and Environment Res. Institute, A.R.C., Giza. | ||
| Abstract | ||
| The increasing needs of water for agricultural and non agricultural activities in Egypt require that the available water resource, be used efficiently and carefully. Proper irrigation scheduling makes it possible to use water prudently. Field experiments were carried out at Sakha Agricultural Research Station, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt, during two successive seasons of 2009 /2010 and 2010/ 2011. The site represents the circumstances and conditions of Middle North Nile Delta region and allocated at 31-07' N Latitude, 30-57'E Longitude with an elevation of about 6 metres above mean sea level. These experiments aim to evaluate the irrigation scheduling using pan evaporation for sugar beet under different planting methods as procedures to optimize the irrigation water productivity and sugar beet yield. The experiment was arranged in a split plot design with four replicates. The main plots were randomly assigned to the planting methods (furrows and beds), while the sub plots were I1 (1.2), I2 (1.0) and I3 (0.8) of cumulated pan evaporation (CPE). Results showed that irrigation scheduling at 0.8 of CPE significantly increased roots and sugar yield by about 22.7% and 38.2%, respectively. Root length increased by about 7.6 and 17.2%, compared to irrigation at 1.0 and 1.2 of CPE, whereas root diameter decreased by about 12.3 and 12.8%, respectively. Irrigation at 1.2 of CPE resulted in high amounts of irrigation water applied, 3150 m3 /fed distributed on 10 irrigations, followed by irrigation at 1.0 of CPE, 2830 m3/fed distributed on 8 irrigations, and irrigation at 0.8 of CPE, 2370 m3/fed distributed on 6 irrigations. The highest amount of consumptive water use, 2560 m3/fed, was obtained under irrigation with 1.2 of CPE.While the lowest one, 1709 m3/fed, was obtained from irrigation at 0.8 of CPE. Irrigation at 0.8 of CPE (I3) increased the water productivity of root and sugar yield by about 43% and 65%, respectively, compared to irrigation at 1.2 CPE. The bed planting method had the minimum values of water applied and water consumptive use compared to the furrow planting one traditional method, like local farmers practices for all irrigation treatments. Using the bed planting method instead of the furrow planting one, saved water by about 743 m3/fed (25.7%) with irrigation at 0.8 of CPE. The highest values of roots yield, 23.56 ton/fed, and of sugar yield, 3.95 t/fed, had been obtained with the bed planting method, compared to the furrow planting method which had the lowest values 22.03 and 3.52 ton/fed, respectively, for roots and sugar yield. Therefore, as a result of irrigation scheduling at 0.8 of CPE with planting in beds is an effective method for sugar beet to maximize yield, yield quality and productivity of the irrigation water under the condition of the studied area, in north Nile delta region. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Irrigation scheduling; Evaporation pan; Sugar beet planting in beds; water productivity | ||
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