المخططات المعرفية اللاتکيفية کمتغير وسيط بين الخبرات النفسية في الطفولة واضطراب الشخصية التجنبية لدى طلاب الجامعة | ||
| التربية (الأزهر): مجلة علمية محکمة للبحوث التربوية والنفسية والاجتماعية) | ||
| Article 4, Volume 36, 175 جزء3, October 2017, Pages 229-306 PDF (578.79 K) | ||
| Document Type: بحوث فی مجال علم النفس والصحة النفسیة | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/jsrep.2017.54690 | ||
| Author | ||
| نادية محمود غنيم عبد العزيز | ||
| استاذ مساعد علم النفس بجامعة الأزهر فرع تفهنا الأشراف | ||
| Abstract | ||
| هدف البحث الى الکشفعنالعلاقةبينالمخططاتالمعرفيةاللاتکيفية والخبراتالنفسيةفيالطفولة،والکشف عن العلاقة بين المخططاتالمعرفيةاللاتکيفية واضطرابالشخصيةالتجنبية،والکشف عن ما اذا کانت المخططاتالمعرفيةاللاتکيفية تعمل کمتغير وسيط بين الخبرات النفسية فيالطفولة واضطراب الشخصية التجنبية لدى طلاب الجامعة،وکذلک الکشفعنالفروقفي المخططاتالمعرفيةاللاتکيفيةوالخبراتالنفسيةفيالطفولةواضطرابالشخصيةالتجنبية تبعا" للجنس، وتکونت عينة الدراسة من )405 (طالبا" من طلاب الجامعة منهم) 185 (طالبا" و)220 (طالبة،وتم استخدام مقياس المخططات المعرفية اللاتکيفية الصورة المختصرة اعداد يونج ترجمة عبدالرحمن وسعفان) 2015 (، ومقياس الخبرات النفسية في الطفولة اعداد الباحثة ومقياس اضطراب الشخصية التجنبية اعداد الباحثة،وتوصلت النتائج الى وجود علاقة ارتباطية عکسية دالة احصائيا" بين المخططات المعرفية اللاتکيفية و الخبرات النفسية في الطفولة، ووجود علاقة ارتباطية موجبة دالة احصائيا" بين مخططات الاتکالية والاعتمادية،والعزلة الاجتماعية / الوحدة،والهجر وعدم الاستقرار، والعجز عن ضبط الذات،وتوهم الأذى أو المرض، والحرمان العاطفي، والاذعان أو الانقياد، والکبت العاطفي،العيب / العار، التعلق بالآخرين/هدم الذات، والفشل، والتشکک/ الاساءة .واضطراب الشخصية التجنبية في حين لم توجد علاقة ارتباطية دالة بين مخططات الاستحقاق/ هوس العظمة،،،والتضحية بالذات،، والمعايير الصارمة / النفاق واضطراب الشخصية التجنبية، ووجود علاقة ارتباطية عکسية دالة احصائيا" بين الخبرات النفسية في الطفولة واضطراب الشخصية التجنبية. کما وجد أن المخططات المعرفية اللاتکيفية عملت کتمغير وسيط بين الخبرات النفسية في الطفولة واضطراب الشخصية التجنبية.وجدت فروق بين الجنسين في مخططات الحرمان العاطفي،والهجران/ عدم الاستقرار، والتشکک/ الاساءة، والاتکالية /الاعتمادية،وتوهم الأذى أو المرض، والعجز عن ضبط الذات، و الاذعان أو الانقياد لصالح الاناث، کما وجدت فروق في مخطط العزلة الاجتماعية لصالح الذکور، في حين لم توجد فروق دالة احصائيا" بين الجنسين في مخططات العيب / العار، والفشل، والتعلق بالآخرين/هدم الذات، والاستحقاق/هوس العظمة، والتضحية بالذات،والکبت العاطفي، والمعايير الصارمة / النفاق، ووجود فروق ذات دلالة بين الذکور والاناث في الخبرات النفسية في الطفولة لصالح الذکور باستثناء بعد الخبرات الدراسية فکانت الفروق لصالح الاناث . وجود فروق ذات دلالة احصائية في اضطراب الشخصية التجنبية بين الذکور والإناث لصالح الإناث. The research aims to reveal the relationship between the maladaptive cognitive schemes and Psychological experiences in childhood, and the relationship between the maladaptive cognitive schemes and the Avoidant personality disorder, and the detection of differences in the maladaptive cognitive schemes , the psychological experiences in childhood and the Avoidant personality disorder according to gender , and Do early maladaptive schemas mediate the relationship between childhood experiences and avoidant personality disorder the students in the university, the sample of the study consisted of( 405 )students "of the university students including( 185 )students" and( 220 )students. The scale of the cognitive schematics was used in the short form. Young, translated by Abdurrahman and Sufan, ( 2015), and the measure of psychological experiences in childhood, prepared by the researcher and the measure of avoidant personality disorder prepared by the researcher, The results have revealed a statistically significant negative correlation between all the maladaptive cognitive schemes and Psychological experiences in childhood, and find the a relationship Positive correlation, "between Dependence / Incompetence schemes, social isolation / loneliness, abandonment and Insufficient self –control /Self -Discipline, Vulnerability to Harm or Illness, Emotional Deprivation, Subjugation or subordination, emotional distress, Defectiveness / Shame, Enmeshment /Undeveloped Self, failure, skepticism / abuse, and Avoidant personality disorder. While there was no significant correlation between Entitlement / Grandiosity schemes, self-sacrifice, Unrelenting Standards Statistically and Avoidant personality disorder, and finding the relationship between the Psychological experiences in childhood and the Avoidant personality disorder. and found that maladaptive cognitive schemas mediate the relationship between psychological experiences in childhood and avoidant personality disorder, And finding differences in Gender in the schemes of emotional deprivation, abandonment / instability, Mistrust /Abuse, Dependence / Incompetence, Vulnerability to Harm or Illness, Insufficient self –control /Self –Discipline ,and Subjugation in favor of females, and differences in the scheme of social isolation in favor of males, While there were no statistically significant differences between the sexes in the schemes of Defectiveness / Shame, failure, Enmeshment /Undeveloped Self, Entitlement / Grandiosity, self-sacrifice, emotional /Inhibition, Unrelenting Standards /Hypocriticalness, and finding significant differences between males and females in psychological experiences in childhood in favor of male abstinence expect the experiences of study were the differences in favor of females. There is statistically significant in the avoidant personality disorder between males and females in favor of females. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| المخططات المعرفية; اللاتکيفية- الخبرات النفسية- الطفولة- اضطرابات الشخصية | ||
| References | ||
|
-Abdel-Hady, E; Mona, E & Azza , I ( 2013): Gender Differences in Maladaptive Cognitive Schema in Orphans in Dakahlia, Egypt.The Scientific World Journal .V,5.P,5-20.
-Alden, L; Laposa , J; Taylor, C & Ryder, A (2002). Avoidant personality disorder: Current status and future directions Journal of Personality Disorders, V,16 ,P1-29.
- Alfasfos, L. (2010). The early maladaptive schemas and their correlations with the psychiatric symptoms and the personality accentuations for Palestinian students. (Unpublished doctoral dissertation).Psychology Faculty, Hamburg University.
-Ana, E; Paula , J; Nagore, O &David ,H( 2017): The Role of Early Maladaptive Schemas in the Appearance of Psychological Symptomatology in Adult Women Victims of Child Abuse. Journal of Child Sexual Abuse Volume 26, Issue 8. - Beck ,A & Clark ,D( 2010 ): CognitiveTheory and Therapy of Anxiety and Depression : Convergence with neurobiological Findings , Trends in Cognitive Sciences,14 ,418- 424.
-Beck ,A; Baruch, E; Balter, J; Steer, R; Warman, D ( 2004): A new instrument for measuring insight: The Beck Cognitive Insight Scale. Schizophrenic. Res.,68 P,319-329.
-Calvete, E. (2014). Emotional abuse as a predictor of early mala-daptive schemas in adolescents: contributions to the develop-ment of depressive and social anxiety symptoms. Child Abuse Neglect ,38(4),735-764 .
-Carr, S & Francis, A ( 2010): Do early maladaptive schemas mediate the relationship between childhood experiences and avoidant personality disorder features? A preliminary investigation in a non-clinical sample', Cognitive Therapy And Research, vol. 34, no. 4, pp. 343-358.
-Colman ,L( 2010) : Maladaptive Schemas and Depression Severity .Support for Incremental Validity When Controlling for Cognitive -Correlates of Depression .Master's Thesis ,University of Tennessee ,ETIEVED FOM http :/ trace .tennessee .e/utk gradthes /615.
- Courtenay, E; Cavanaugh, D; Hanno , P ; Silvia , S; Martins, M( 2015) : Gender-Specific Profiles of Adverse Childhood Experiences, Past Year Mental and Substance Use Disorders, and Their Associations among a National Sample of Adults in the United States .Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 50(8): 1257–1266.
- Curtin, L & Harris, A (2002): Parental perceptions, early maladaptive schemas, and depressive symptoms in young adults. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 26(3), 405-416.
-David ,K and Serrita ,J( 2002): Gender Role and Personality Disorder .Journal of personality Disorder .16, 5 :464-476.
-David , C; Rettew, M; Zanarini, D., Shirley,Y; Carlos , G; Andrew ,E; Skodol, M; Tracie ,S; Thomoas, H; Mcglashan, D., Leslie, C; Morey, D; Melissa ,A; Culhane, B; and John ,G. ( 2003): Childhood Antecedents of Avoidant Personality Disorder: A Retrospective Study . Published in final edited form as: J Am Acad Child Adolescent Psychiatry. Sep; 42(9): 1122–1130.
- Derksen, J. (1995) : Personality Disorders Clinical and social -Perspectives New york. John Willy and Sons
- Delcea, C ; Enache , A; Stanciu, C( 2017): Assessing Maladaptive Cognitive Schemas as Predictors of Murder. International Journal of Mental Health & Psychiatry.V 3:1.
- Farazmand , S ; Parveneh , M; Abbas , P; Behrooz , D 2015 :Mediating Role of Maladaptive Schemas between Childhood Emotional Maltreatment and Psychological Distress among College Students Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran. July, V 3, P,207-219.
-Fulya , K; Sennur, T; Murat , B 2015 :Relationships between Childhood Traumatic Experiences, Early Maladaptive Schemas and Interpersonal Styles.http://www.noropsikiyatriarsivi.com/sayilar/430/buyuk/3-Relationships.
-Gay, L; Harding, H ; Jackson, J ; Burns, E & Baker, D( 2013): Attachment Style and Early Maladaptive Schemas as Mediators of the Relationship between Childhood Emotional Abuse and Intimate Partner Violence. Journal of Aggression, Maltreatment and Trauma, 22 (4): 408-424.
- Gonzalez, J ; & Romera, M. (2014): Early Maladaptive Schemas in Adolescence: A Quantitative Study. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 132, 504-508.
-Gouveia ,J; Paula ,C; Ana ,G; Marina , C( 2006) : Early Maladaptive Schemas and Social Phobia . Cognitive Therapy and Research , October, Volume 30, Issue 5, pp 571–584
-Hageman, T., Francis, A., Field, A., & Carr, S. (2015): Links between Childhood Experiences and Avoidant Personality Disorder Symptomatology. International Journal of Psychology and Psychological
-Hummelen, B., Wilberga , T; Pedersen , G & Karterud , S (2007): The relationship between avoidant personality disorder and social phobia. Comprehensive Psychiatry .V, 48 .P, 348–356.
- Ingeborg , E; Jens , E; Benjamin , H ( 2015): Avoidant Personality Disorder versus Social Phobia: The Significance of Childhood Neglect. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4376891/
- Janson, D (2015): Early maladaptive schemas in an Australian adult alcohol dependent clinical sample: Differences between men and women. Bachelor of Arts (Psychology) Honors, Faculty of Health, Engineering and Science, Edith Cowan University.
- Johnson, J; Smailes, E; Cohen, P; Brown ,J; & Bernstein, D; (2000): Associations between four types of childhood neglect and personality disorder symptoms during adolescence and early adulthood: Findings of a community-based longitudinal study. Journal of Personality Disorders. V, 14, P, 171-187.
- Jovev, M & Jackson, H (2004): Early maladaptive schemas in personality disordered individuals .Journal of Personality Disorders .V 18(5), 467–478
- Katrijn, B; Guy , B; Caroline, B( 2012) : Gender Differences in Cognitive Schema Vulnerability and Depressive Symptoms in Adolescents . Journals Behaviour Change Volume 29, Issue 3 pp. 164-182
- Lumley, M & Harkness, K (2007): Specificity in the relations among childhood adversity, early maladaptive schemas, and symptom profiles in adolescent depression. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 31(5), 639-657.
-Mairet, K., Boag, S., & Warburton, W (2014). How important is temperament? The relationship between coping styles, early maladaptive schemas and social anxiety. International Journal of Psychology and Psychological Therapy, 14(2), 171-190.
-Martin , R ; Young ,J(2010) : Schema therap in K.S.Dobson ED ,Handbook of cognitive –behavioral therapis. 3rd ed .London Guilford Press.
- Meyer, B & Carver, C (2000): Negative childhood accounts, sensitivity, and pessimism: A study of avoidant personality disorder features in college students. Journal of Personality Disorders,V, 14. P,233-248.
- Muris, P (2006): Maladaptive schemas in non-clinical adolescents: relations to perceived parental rearing behavior's, big five personality factors and psychopathological symptoms. Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy.V, 13. P,405-413.
- Narimani, M; Mahmoodi, A & Abolghasemi, A (2012): The role of child abuse and neglect in predicting the early maladaptive schemas domain. Zahedan. Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 14(10), 28-32.
- Neacşu, V (2016): Differences in early maladaptive schemes expression. Bulletin of the Transilvania University of Braşov, Series VII: Social Sciences and Law, 9(2-Suppl), 65-72.
-Nordahl ,H;Holthe , H; AND Haugum ,J( 2005 ): Early Maladaptive Schemas in patients with or without Personality Disorders :Does Modification Predict Symptomatic Relief ? Clin .Psychol.Psychotherapy .V12 .P,142-149.
-Orue ,I ;Calvete ,E ;Padilla,P (2014): Brooding rumination as a mediator in the relation between early maladaptive schemas and sptomos of depression and social anxiety in adolescens .Journal of Adolescence,37,P ,1281-1291.
- Rettew , D (2000): Avoidant personality disorder, generalized social phobia, and shyness: Putting the personality back into personality disorders. Harvard Review of Psychiatry, 8, 283-297.
-Rommele, M. and Messmin, M ( 2011): Child Abuse, Early Maladaptive Schemas, and Risky Sexual Behavior in College Women.Journal of.
-Ryan , C; Scott , E, & Gregory ,L( 2012): Gender Differences in Early Maladaptive Schemas in a Treatment-Seeking Sample of Alcohol-Dependent Adults .US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health .
- Skodol , A ; Bender , D; Pagano, M; Shea, T; Yen, S; Sanislow, C & Gunderson ,J (2007): Positive childhood experiences: Resilience and recovery from personality disorder in early adulthood . Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 68, 1102-1108.
-Tamara, K ; Andrew, J; Ashlee , M ; Steven ,N( 2015) : Links between Childhood Experiences and Avoidant Personality Disorder Symptomatology. International Journal of Psychology and Psychological Therapy. V, 15. P, 101-116.
- Theiler, S (2005): The efficacy of early childhood memories as indicators of current maladaptive schemas and psychological health (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology.
- Thimm , J( 2010): Personality and early maladaptive schemas: Afive-factor model perspective. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry .V 41 P 373-380.
- Wilberg, T; Karterud , S; Pedersen, G & Urnes , O ( 2009): The impact of avoidant personality disorder on psychosocial impairment is substantial. Nordic Journal of Psychiatry, V 63) .390-396
-Young, J & Brown, G (1999): Young schema questionnaire. In J. E. Young (Ed) Cognitive therapy for personality disorders: A schema-focused approach (3rd ed) Sarasota, Fl: Professional Resource Press.
-Young, J (1999): Cognitive therapy for personality disorder: A schema-focused approach (Third Edition). Professional Resources Press, Sarasota, Florida.
-Young, J ; Klosko, J & Weishaar, M (2003): Schema therapy: A practitioner's guide. New York: Guilford Press | ||
|
Statistics Article View: 1,009 PDF Download: 6,665 |
||
