معدل انتشار اکتئاب ما بعد الولادة وعلاقته ببعض المتغيرات بالمنطقة الغربية من المملکة العربية السعودية. The Prevalence of Postnatal Depression in relation to some variables among Women in the Western Region of Saudi Arabia | ||
| التربية (الأزهر): مجلة علمية محکمة للبحوث التربوية والنفسية والاجتماعية) | ||
| Article 13, Volume 34, 163.جزء3, April 2015, Pages 435-450 | ||
| Document Type: بحوث فی مجال علم النفس والصحة النفسیة | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/jsrep.2015.57698 | ||
| Author | ||
| عبد الرحمن بن درباش موسى الزهراني | ||
| أستاذ علم النفس الإکلينيکي المساعد کلية الآداب-جامعة الملک عبد العزيز | ||
| Abstract | ||
| تشير العديد من الدراسات 10%-15% من النساء في العالم يعانين من اکتئاب ما بعد الولادة مما جعله من أکثر القضايا الصحية أهمية. ويتأثر معدل انتشاره في المملکة العربية السعودية بعدد من العوامل ؛کالمعتقد، والعادات، والثقافة، والقيم. ولعل وجود مثل هذه العوامل تساعد في تفسير تلک التذبذبات في معدل الانتشار التي وجدتها دراسات أُجريت في العالم العربي. ولکون أعراض هذا المرض تستمر لأشهر تارکة أثرا على الأمهات وعلى الأطفال أيضا، فإن الدراسة الحالية هدفت إلى الکشف عن معدل انتشار اکتئاب ما بعد الولادة في البيئة السعودية وتحديدا في المنطقة الغربية منها. وقد شملت عينة الدراسة (217) من الأمهات السعوديات في مدينة جدة. وتم استخدام مقياس أدنبره لاکتئاب ما بعد الولادة،بنقطة قطع (13) تمشيا مع الدراسات السابقة التي استخدمت المقياس نفسه. وکذلک تم استخدام استبيان من إعداد الباحث. وأسفرت نتائج الدراسة الحالية عن معدل انتشار وصل (17.1%) لاکتئاب ما بعد الولادة في المنطقة الغربية من المملکة العربية السعودية. ومع وجود علاقة بين کلٍ من اکتئاب ما بعد الولادة وکل من : الإصابة السابقة بالاکتئاب، والمشاکل الصحية للمولود الجديد ، والرضا عن دعم ومساعدة الأهل في البيت، ومضاعفات الحمل. بينما لم تجد الدراسة الحالية أي علاقة بين اکتئاب ما بعد الولادة وبين کل من : طريقة الولادة ، وعمر الأم وتعليمها وکذلک عملها ، وجنس المولود الجديد، والرضا عن جنس المولود، والرغبة في الحمل ، واستخدام الرضاعة الطبيعية، والرضا عن دعم مساعدة الزوج. لذا توصي الدراسة الحالية بمزيد من البحث والدراسة لهذه العوامل مع إدراج عوامل أخرى قد تکون سببا في هذا المرض. The prevalence of postnatal depression is one of the most important public health issues these days. The estimated effect of PND ranges from 10-15%. In Saudi society, the prevalence of this disorder remains influenced by beliefs, tradition, culture and values. This could explain the considerable disparity that has been seen in previous studies the prevalence of fluctuations that have been reported in the previous studies. The symptoms of postnatal depression manifest themselves differently and can last for months, leading to profound effects on mothers as well as mother-baby and family relationships. Therefore, the goal of the current study is to establish the prevalence rate and risk factors of PND in the western region of Saudi Arabia, as no single study has been done in this area. A total of 217 Saudi mothers have been recruited for the current study using the Edinburgh Postnatal Scale (EPDS) and a self-report questionnaire. Following the previous studies, a PND cut-off point of 13≥ has been used in the present study. Results: The study found the prevalence of PND to be approximately 17.1% among Saudi mothers. Factors: previous history of depression (= 67.74, df= 1, p<0.05), child health problems (= 31.42, df= 1, p<0.05), satisfaction with home support( = 43.47, df= 1, p<0.05) and complications during pregnancy (= 7.19, df= 1, p<0.05) which were statistically related to PND, while no relationships were found between PND and baby gender, the delivery type, breastfeeding, mother’s age and education level. More experimental studies need to be carried out to confirm these findings and to investigate more risk factors. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| اکتئاب مع بعد الولاده | ||
| References | ||
|
Al Hinai, F., & AlHinai, S. (2014). "Prospective Study on Prevalence and Risk Factors of Postpartum Depression in Al-Dakhlyia Governorate in Oman."Oman Medical Journal29(3): 198-202.
Alharbi, A., &Abdulghani, H. (2014). "Risk factors associated with postpartum depression in the Saudi population." Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment10: 311–316.
Al-Modayfer, O., Alatiq, Y., Khair, O., &Abdelkawi, S. (2015). "Postpartum depression and related risk factors among Saudi females."International Journal of Culture and Mental Health8(3): 316–324,.
Amr, M., Balaha, M., & Al Moghannum, M. (2011)."Postpartum Mental Health among Young Women."Online J Health Allied Scs.10(4): 6-10.
Cattaneo , M., Macchi, E., Salerno, R., Chiorino, V., Roveraro, S., Barretta, F., Fontana, C., & Prof, F. (2015). "Prevalence of paternal perinatal depressive mood and its relationship with maternal depression symptomatology: An Italian study " International Journal of Advanced Nursing Studies4(2): 103-109.
Chaaya, M., Campbell, O., Kak, F., Shaar, D., Harb, H., &Kaddour, A. (2002). "Postpartum depression: prevalence and determinants in Lebanon." Arch WomensMent Health.5(2): 65–72.
Cooper, P., Campell, E. , Day, A. , Kennerley, H., & Bond, A. (1988). "Non-psychotic psychiatric disorder after childbirth.A prospective study of prevalence, incidence, course and nature."Br J Psychiatry152: 799-806.
Cox, J., Holden, J., &Sagovsky, R. (1987). "Detection of postnatal depression: Development of the 10-item Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale." British Journal of Psychiatry150: 782–786.
Currò, V., Rosa, E., Maulucci, S. , Maulucci, M. , Silvestri, M. ,Zambrano, A. , &Regine,V. (2009). "The use of Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale to identify postnatal depression symptoms at well child visit."Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2009, 35:3235(32): doi: 10.1186/1824-7288-35-32.
Ekeroma, A., Ikenasio-Thorpe, B., Weeks, S., Kokaua, J., Puniani, K., Stone, P., &Foliaki, S. (2012). "Validation of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) as a screening tool for postnatal depression in Samoan and Tongan women living in New Zealand."THE NEW ZEALAND MEDICAL JOURNAL125(1355): 41-50.
Ghubash, R., &Eapen,V. (2009). "POSTPARTUM MENTAL ILLNESS: PERSPECTIVES FROM AN ARABIAN GULF POPULATION." Psychological Reports105: 127-136.
Guedeney, N., Fermanian, J., Guelfi, J., Kumar, R. (2000). "The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and the detection of major depressive disorders in early postpartum: some concerns about false negatives." Journal of Affective Disorders61(1-2): 107-112.
Khalifa, D., Glavin, K., & Lien, L. ( 2015). "Postnatal depression among Sudanese women: prevalence and validation of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale at 3 months postpartum." International Journal of Women’s Health7: 677–684.
Lanes, A., Kuk L., &Tamim, H. (2011). "Prevalence and characteristics of postpartum depression symptomatology among Canadian women: a cross-sectional study." BMC Public Health. 11: 1-9.
Leahy-Warren, P., McCarthy,G., &Corcoran, P. (2011). "Postnatal Depression in First-Time Mothers: Prevalence and Relationships Between Functional and Structural Social Support at 6 and 12 Weeks Postpartum." Archives of Psychiatric Nursing 25(3): 174–184.
Montazeri, A., Torkan, B., &Omidvari, S. (2007). "The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS): translation and validation study of the Iranian version." BMC Psychiatry 7(11): doi:10.1186/1471-244X-7-11.
OATES, M., et al. (2004). "Postnatal depression across countries and cultures: a qualitative study." BRITISH JOURNAL OF P SYCHIATRY 184( s u p pl . 4 6 ): s1 0 ^ s1 6.
Patel, V., DeSouza,N. & Rodrigues, M. (2003). "Postnatal depression and infant growth and development in low income countries: a cohort study from Goa, India." Arch Dis Child 88(1): 34-37.
Patel, V., Rodrigues, M., &DeSouza, N. (2002). "Gender, poverty, and postnatal depression: a study of mothers in Goa, India. ." American Journal of Psychiatry 159: 43-47.
Pooler, J., Perry, D., &Ghandour,R. (2013). "Prevalence and risk factors for postpartum depressive symptoms among women enrolled in WIC." Maternal and Child Health Journal 17(10): 1969-1980.
Ramasubramaniam, S., Madhavan prabhakaran,G., Renganathan, L. & Raman, S. (2014). "Prevalence of postnatal depression among Arab women: a narrative review." Journal of Research in Nursing and Midwifery (3(1): 1-13.
Robertson, E., Celasun, N., Stewart, D. (2003). RISK FACTORS FOR POSTPARTUM DEPRESSION. .Postpartum depression: Literature review of risk factors and interventions. D. E. In Stewart, Robertson, E., Dennis, C.-L., Grace, S.L., & Wallington, T. Toronto, University Health Network Women’s Health Program 2003.
Schaper, A., Rooney, B. Kay, N., & Silva, P. (1994). "Use of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale to identify postpartum depression in a clinical settings." The Journal of Reproductitve Medicine 39(8): 620-624.
Shrestha, N., Hazrah.P.,&Sagar, R. (2015). “Incidence and prevalence of postpartum depression in rural community of India."Journal of Chitwan Medical College 2015; 5(12): 11-195(12): 11-19.
Seyfried, L., & Marcus, S. (2003). "Postpartum mood disorders."International Review of Psychiatr15(3): 231-242.
Sit, D., &Wisner,K. (2009). "The Identification of Postpartum Depression."ClinObstetGynecol52(3): 456–468.
Sit, D., & Wisner, K. (2009). "The Identification of Postpartum Depression."ClinObstet Gynecol.52(3): 456–468.
Soares, C., &Zitek,B (2008). "Reproductive hormone sensitivity and risk for depression across the female life cycle A continuum of vulnerability?" Journal of Psychiatry Neuroscience 33(4): 331–343.
Ukaegbe, C., Iteke, O., Bakare,M., &Agbata,A. (2012). "Postpartum Depression Among Igbo Women In An Urban Mission Hospital, South East Nigeria." Ebonyi Medical Journal 11(1-2): 29-36.
Veisani, Y., Delpisheh, A., Sayehmiri, K., &Rezaeian,S. (2013). "Trends of Postpartum Depression in Iran: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis." Depression Research and Treatment: Article ID 291029, 8 pages, 2013. doi:10.1155/2013/291029.
Wisner, K., Parry, B., &Piontek, C. (2002)."Clinical practice.Postpartum depression." The New England Journal of Medicine 347: 194-199.
Yehia, D., Callister, L., &Hamdan-Mansour, A. (2103). "Prevalence and Predictors of Postpartum Depression Among Arabic Muslim Jordanian Women Serving in the Military." The Journal of Perinatal & Neonatal Nursing 27(1): 25–33. | ||
|
Statistics Article View: 441 |
||
