Sharef Mahmud, P., Hamza, H. (2020). Isolation and Identification of Fungal Species in Kurdish Walnut Morphologically and using some Molecular Technique.. test, 11(1), 17-22. doi: 10.21608/jfds.2020.77968
Pari H. Sharef Mahmud; Haider M. Hamza. "Isolation and Identification of Fungal Species in Kurdish Walnut Morphologically and using some Molecular Technique.". test, 11, 1, 2020, 17-22. doi: 10.21608/jfds.2020.77968
Sharef Mahmud, P., Hamza, H. (2020). 'Isolation and Identification of Fungal Species in Kurdish Walnut Morphologically and using some Molecular Technique.', test, 11(1), pp. 17-22. doi: 10.21608/jfds.2020.77968
Sharef Mahmud, P., Hamza, H. Isolation and Identification of Fungal Species in Kurdish Walnut Morphologically and using some Molecular Technique.. test, 2020; 11(1): 17-22. doi: 10.21608/jfds.2020.77968

Isolation and Identification of Fungal Species in Kurdish Walnut Morphologically and using some Molecular Technique.

Journal of Food and Dairy Sciences
Article 3, Volume 11, Issue 1, January 2020, Pages 17-22    PDF (969.97 K)
Document Type: Original Article
DOI: 10.21608/jfds.2020.77968
Authors
Pari H. Sharef Mahmud* 1; Haider M. Hamza2
1Department of Food science and Quality Control College of Agriculture science, University of Sulaimani, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.
2Department of Biology, college of Science, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimani, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.
Abstract
Walnuts are world widely consumed in many local dishes in southeast Asian countries, especially in Iraq-Kurdistan-Tawella which is one of the major walnut cultivars area in this region, particularly in Hawraman region. Three species of filamentous fungi Asperagillus were identified in this study including A. niger, A. flavus, A. parasiticus and in walnut product including (salted walnut). Therefore, Aspergillus species, which produced a significant amount of aflatoxin, ochratoxin and T2- toxin contamination in walnuts during storage are becoming major concerns due to the insufficient condition that favors the growth of aflatoxigenic and ochratoxigenic fungi. The current study thus aimed to morphologically and molecularly identify and characterize the A. niger, A. Flavi, A. parasiticus isolated from Kurdish walnuts and its product. The DNA isolation from all fungal species wee r from agar cultures after inoculating and purifying for more times by using commercial kit (Bio basic INC kit). Agarose gel electrophoresis fractionation of the fungi DNA, showed clear individual bands. A. niger distinct band is 500 bp, A. flavus and A. parasiticus distinct band is 1032 bp. ELISA technique was applied for detection quantitatively for aflatoxin, ochratoxin and T2 toxin in Kurdish walnut. As stated in table two the result of ELISA method used for quantitative detection of aflatoxin, ochratoxin and T2 toxin is 5.9, 10.4 and 129 part per billion ppb respectively, it is safety range for all toxins.
 
Keywords
Asperagillus niger; A. flavus; A. parasiticus. morphological; Aflatoxin; ochratoxin molecular tools; ELISA. PCR techniques
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