Prevalence and Factors Associated with Developmental Delays among Preschool Children in Saudi Arabia | ||
| Journal of High Institute of Public Health | ||
| Article 2, Volume 50, Issue 1, April 2020, Pages 10-17 PDF (621.05 K) | ||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/jhiph.2020.79318 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Mokhtar M. Shatla* 1; Reda A. Goweda2 | ||
| 1Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia | ||
| 2Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Background: Developmental delays (DDs) are increasing in prevalence and necessitate routine screening of young children for early recognition and management. Objective(s): To estimate the prevalence of DDs among pre-school children and determine the risk factors associatedwith DDs in Makkah, Saudi Arabia. Methods: This cross-sectional study involved a total of 948 children at the ages 36, 48, and 60 months. Data were collected using a modified Arabic version of the Ages and Stages Questionnaires, Third Edition (ASQ-3) to assess five domains of development (Gross Motor, Fine Motor, Language and Communication, Problem-Solving and Adaptive Behavior, and Personal and Social Performance). Parents’ characteristics and risk factors related to DDs were included. The p-value was set at 0.05. Results: Overall prevalence of children with DDs was 16.4%. The most prevailing DDs were the communication, problem solving, and personal/social skills (5.6%, 5.5% & 4.6% respectively). Lower rates of DDs were identified for fine motor, and gross motor milestones (1.9%, and 1.5% respectively). Binary logistic regression analysis revealed that artificial/complementary feeding before 6 months of age, narrow spacing between children (3),and lower level of maternal education were the most determining risk factors associated with DDs (OR=3.378; p=0.001, OR=2.554, p=0.018, OR=2.451; p=0.004, OR=2.074; p=0.037, and OR=1.832; p=0.016, respectively). Conclusion: The study recognized a high prevalence of DDs especially for communication, problem solving, and personal/social skills. It spotted a number of modifiable risk factors, and recommended early screening of preschool children for prompt recognition and timely intervention. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Developmental delays; pre-school children; prevalence; risk factors; KSA | ||
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